视神经损伤
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Figure 1｜Will the knowledge of the beneficial effects of calorie restriction (mainly derived from animal studies) be applicable to patients affected by glaucoma?
While the data on the effects of caloric restricted dietary regimens seem promising in preclinical animal studies, to the best of our knowledge there are no reports regarding its effect on patients with glaucoma (Figure 1). However, it is worth noting that in a retrospective cohort study the risk of developing primary open angle glaucoma was reduced in diabetic patients taking the hypoglycemic drug metformin but not in patients assuming other diabetes medications with similar efficacy on glycemic control. Since metformin is considered a drug mimicking the health promoting effects of caloric restriction it can be conceivable to hypothesize that the reduced risk of developing glaucoma may involve the activation of longevity pathways similar to those involved in the protective effects exerted by restricted caloric regimen (Lin et al., 2015).