中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2023, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (1): 81-86.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.343890

• 综述:神经损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

神经系统发育、再生和病理学中的神经节苷脂

  

  • 出版日期:2023-01-15 发布日期:2022-06-16

Gangliosides in nervous system development, regeneration, and pathologies

Juliana F. Vasques1, 5, *, Renata Guedes de Jesus Gonçalves2, 3, 5, Almir Jordão da Silva-Junior2, 4, 5, Robertta Silva Martins2, 3, 5, Fernanda Gubert1, 3, 5, Rosalia Mendez-Otero2, 3, 4, 5   

  1. 1Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; 2Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; 3Programa Redes de Pesquisa em Saúde no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; 4Programa Rede NanoSaúde do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; 5Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Medicina Regenerativa, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
  • Online:2023-01-15 Published:2022-06-16
  • Contact: Juliana F. Vasques, PhD, juliana.vasques@icb.ufrj.br.
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by grants and fellowships from the Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia (DECIT/MS) do Ministério da Saúde, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Medicina Regenerativa, Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ) (to RMO).

摘要: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1581-670X (Juliana F. Vasques)

Abstract: Gangliosides, sialic acid-containing sphingolipids, are major constituents of neuronal membranes. According to the number of sialic acids and the structure of the oligosaccharide chain, gangliosides can be classified as simple or complex and grouped in different ganglio-series. Hundreds of gangliosides have been identified in vertebrate cells, with different expression patterns during development and related to several physiological processes, especially in the nervous system. While GD3 and its O-acetylated form, 9acGD3, are highly expressed in early developmental stages, GM1, GD1a, GD1b, and GT1b are the most abundant ganglioside species in the mature nervous system. Mutations in enzymes involved in ganglioside metabolism can lead to the accumulation of specific species, a condition termed gangliosidosis and usually marked by severe neurological impairment. Changes in ganglioside levels have also been described in several neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s. In this review, we summarized recent information about the roles of GD3, 9acGD3, GM1, GD1a, GD1b, GT1b, and other ganglioside species in nervous system development and regeneration, as well as clinical trials evaluating possible therapeutic applications of these molecules.

Key words: 9acGD3, gangliosides, GD1a, GD1b, GD3, glycolipids, GM1, GM2, GM3, GM4, GT1b