中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2024, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (2): 237-245.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.379041

• 综述:脑损伤修复保护与再生 •    下一篇

纳米载体应用在创伤性脑损伤基础研究中的优势

宋兴爽, Yizhi Zhang, Ziyan Tang, 杜丽娜   

  • 出版日期:2024-02-15 发布日期:2023-08-29
  • 基金资助:
    北京市自然科学基金项目(L222126)

Advantages of nanocarriers for basic research in the field of traumatic brain injury

Xingshuang Song1, 2, #, Yizhi Zhang1, 2, #, Ziyan Tang2, Lina Du1, 2, *   

  1. 1School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong Province, China; 2Department of Pharmaceutics, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
  • Online:2024-02-15 Published:2023-08-29
  • Contact: Lina Du, PhD, dulina@188.com.
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing, No. L222126 (to LD).

摘要:

有效治疗创伤性脑损伤的主要挑战是治疗分子需要穿越血脑屏障才能进入大脑并在其中积累。因此目前的研究重点是以纳米载体和脑靶向药物递送系统来克服这一障碍。此次综述在总结创伤性脑损伤的流行病学和病理生理学情况、临床治疗方法、创伤性脑损伤建模和评价方法的基础上,概括了脂质体、囊泡等多种纳米载体治疗创伤性脑损伤的现状。纳米载体给药系统虽然可克服各种生物障碍,提高药物生物利用度,增加细胞内穿透和保留时间,实现药物富集,控制药物释放,实现药物靶向脑内给药,但目前其应用尚处于基础研究阶段,距离临床还有很大的距离。

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8103-5974 (Lina Du)

关键词: 创伤性脑损伤, 血脑屏障, 中枢神经系统, 纳米载体, 脑靶向, 神经修复, 纳米颗粒, 细胞外囊泡, 小胶质细胞, 炎症因子

Abstract: A major challenge for the efficient treatment of traumatic brain injury is the need for therapeutic molecules to cross the blood-brain barrier to enter and accumulate in brain tissue. To overcome this problem, researchers have begun to focus on nanocarriers and other brain-targeting drug delivery systems. In this review, we summarize the epidemiology, basic pathophysiology, current clinical treatment, the establishment of models, and the evaluation indicators that are commonly used for traumatic brain injury. We also report the current status of traumatic brain injury when treated with nanocarriers such as liposomes and vesicles. Nanocarriers can overcome a variety of key biological barriers, improve drug bioavailability, increase intracellular penetration and retention time, achieve drug enrichment, control drug release, and achieve brain-targeting drug delivery. However, the application of nanocarriers remains in the basic research stage and has yet to be fully translated to the clinic.

Key words: blood-brain barriers, brain targeting, central nervous system, extracellular vesicles, inflammatory factor, microglial cell, nanocarriers, nanoparticles, neural restoration, traumatic brain injury