神经损伤与修复

    Promoting axon regeneration in the central nervous system by increasing PI3-kinase signaling
  • Figure 1|Schematic of PI3-kinase and PIP3 signaling. 

    Phosphatidylinositol is a membrane phospholipid that can be modified by kinases and phosphatases at three specific hydroxyl sites (named 3,4,5). The function of PI3K is to phosphorylate the 3’ position of PI4,5P2 (PIP2) to generate PI3,4,5P3 (PIP3). In contrast, PTEN is a phosphatase that converts PIP3 to PIP2 by dephosphorylating the 3’ position. It is important to note that PTEN also has enzymatic activity for additional lipids and proteins, while PI3K is thought to specifically function by phosphorylating PIP2 to generate PIP3 (Shi et al., 2012; Malek et al., 2017). Whilst the function of PI3K is straightforward, neuronal signaling downstream of its activity is complex and wide-ranging (Figure 1).


    Figure 2|PI3-kinase and neuron-intrinsic control of regenerative ability. 

    Studies into the neuron-intrinsic control of regenerative ability have highlighted the importance of specific cell-biological mechanisms that are required for axon regeneration, as well as signaling pathways and genetic factors that determine regenerative ability. For more detail, some excellent in-depth reviews have been published (Curcio and Bradke, 2018; Mahar and Cavalli, 2018; Palmisano and Di Giovanni, 2018; Williams et al., 2020; Petrova et al., 2021). Here we discuss these mechanisms in relation to PI3K signaling and this is summarized in Figure 2


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  • 发布日期: 2021-12-17  浏览: 457
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