视神经损伤
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Figure 1｜Schematic representation of Otx2 expression and protein localization in adult mouse retina.
Non-cell autonomous activity of HPs is based on their ability to transfer between cells. A recent study evaluated a large number of HPs and reported that secretion and transfer is a general feature (Lee et al., 2019). OTX2 is an HP that can transfer between cells (Figure 1). RGCs in the retina can take up exogenous OTX2 and the protein can then be transported down the axons to thalamic and midbrain visual structures. Transported OTX2 can even be trans synaptically conveyed to neurons in primary visual cortex where its accumulation regulates the opening and closing of the critical period for binocular vision (Sugiyama et al., 2008; Torero Ibad et al., 2011).