Neural Regeneration Research ›› 2024, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (1): 100-115.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.374137

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Biomaterials-based anti-inflammatory treatment strategies for Alzheimer’s disease

Jianjian Chu1, #, Weicong Zhang2, #, Yan Liu3, #, Baofeng Gong1, Wenbo Ji1, Tong Yin1, Chao Gao1, Danqi Liangwen1, 4, Mengqi Hao1, 4, Cuimin Chen5, Jianhua Zhuang1, *, Jie Gao5, *, You Yin1, *   

  1. 1Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital (Shanghai Changzheng Hospital) of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China; 2School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, UK; 3Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Clinical Pharmacy Innovation Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; 4School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China; 5Changhai Clinical Research Unit, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
  • Online:2024-01-15 Published:2023-08-02
  • Contact: You Yin, PhD, yinyou179@163.com; Jie Gao, PhD, jmsx2021@shu.edu.cn; Jianhua Zhuang, PhD, jianhuazh11@126.com.
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Nos. 82072051 and 81771964 (both to JG); the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Commission, No. 22ZR147750 (to YY); Science and Technology Support Projects in Biomedicine Field of Shanghai Science and Technology Commission, No. 19441907500 (to YY); Innovative Clinical Research Project of Changzheng Hospital, No. 2020 YLCYJ-Y 02 (to YY); Characteristic Medical Service Project for the Army of Changzheng Hospital, No. 2020 CZWJFW 12 (to YY).

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Abstract: The current therapeutic drugs for Alzheimer’s disease only improve symptoms, they do not delay disease progression. Therefore, there is an urgent need for new effective drugs. The underlying pathogenic factors of Alzheimer’s disease are not clear, but neuroinflammation can link various hypotheses of Alzheimer’s disease; hence, targeting neuroinflammation may be a new hope for Alzheimer’s disease treatment. Inhibiting inflammation can restore neuronal function, promote neuroregeneration, reduce the pathological burden of Alzheimer’s disease, and improve or even reverse symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease. This review focuses on the relationship between inflammation and various pathological hypotheses of Alzheimer’s disease; reports the mechanisms and characteristics of small-molecule drugs (e.g., nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, neurosteroids, and plant extracts); macromolecule drugs (e.g., peptides, proteins, and gene therapeutics); and nanocarriers (e.g., lipid-based nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, nanoemulsions, and inorganic nanoparticles) in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. The review also makes recommendations for the prospective development of anti-inflammatory strategies based on nanocarriers for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. 

Key words: Alzheimer’s disease, anti-inflammation, blood-brain barrier, drug delivery, microglia, nanoparticles, neuroinflammation, plant extracts