Neural Regeneration Research ›› 2024, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (3): 542-547.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.380876

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Interplay between mesenchymal stromal cells and the immune system after transplantation: implications for advanced cell therapy in the retina

María Norte-Muñoz1, *, David García-Bernal2, Diego García-Ayuso1, Manuel Vidal-Sanz1, Marta Agudo-Barriuso1, *   

  1. 1Grupo de Investigación Oftalmología Experimental, Departamento de Oftalmología, Optometría, Otorrinolaringología y Anatomía Patológica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Murcia, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Campus de Ciencias de la Salud, 30120 Murcia, Spain; 2Grupo de Investigación Trasplante Hematopoyético y Terapia celular, Departamento de Bioquímica e Inmunología. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Murcia, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Campus de Ciencias de la Salud, 30120 Murcia, Spain
  • Online:2024-03-15 Published:2023-09-02
  • Contact: Marta Agudo-Barriuso, PhD, martabar@um.es; María Norte-Muñoz, PhD, maria.norte@um.es.
  • Supported by:
    This work was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, No. PID(2019)‐106498GB‐I00 (to MVS), by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional “Una manera de hacer Europa”, No. PI19/00071 (to MAB), the RETICS subprograms of Spanish Networks OftaRed, Nos. RD16/0008/0026 (to DGB) and RD16/0008/0016 (to DGB); and RICORS Terav, No. RD16/0011/0001 (to DGB) from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, and by the Fundación Séneca, Agencia de Ciencia y Tecnología Región de Murcia, No. 19881/GERM/15 (all to MVS).

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Abstract: Advanced mesenchymal stromal cell-based therapies for neurodegenerative diseases are widely investigated in preclinical models. Mesenchymal stromal cells are well positioned as therapeutics because they address the underlying mechanisms of neurodegeneration, namely trophic factor deprivation and neuroinflammation. Most studies have focused on the beneficial effects of mesenchymal stromal cell transplantation on neuronal survival or functional improvement. However, little attention has been paid to the interaction between mesenchymal stromal cells and the host immune system due to the immunomodulatory properties of mesenchymal stromal cells and the long-held belief of the immunoprivileged status of the central nervous system. Here, we review the crosstalk between mesenchymal stromal cells and the immune system in general and in the context of the central nervous system, focusing on recent work in the retina and the importance of the type of transplantation.

Key words: adaptive immunity, cell therapy, central nervous system, immune system, innate immunity, mesenchymal stromal cells, neuroregeneration, preclinical studies, retina, transplantation