Abstract: Lysosomes are discrete organelles that act as recycling centers for extracellular and intracellular materials, playing a pivotal role in maintaining cellular homeostasis. Their acidic environment, maintained by numerous hydrolytic enzymes, facilitates substrate degradation. Dysfunction in lysosomal processes can lead to abnormal substrate degradation, significantly impacting cellular homeostasis. High energy-demanding cells, such as post-mitotic neurons, are especially vulnerable to these changes, often resulting in neurological diseases. Autophagy, a conserved catabolic process, requires extensive lysosomal utilization. It plays a key role in removing unnecessary intracellular components, ensuring cellular homeostasis, and promoting cell survival during stress conditions such as starvation, infection, or cellular damage.