Abstract: While extensive studies have illuminated the impact of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) on neuronal survival, there is growing evidence that abnormal postnatal neurogenesis in early AD brains contributes to disease progression. Postnatal neurogenesis serves as a mechanism to replace dead or damaged neurons. New neurons generated from neural stem cells (NSCs) in the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the dentate gyrus integrate into the existing hippocampal circuit, which is essential for learning and memory and is one of the first regions affected in AD. Macroautophagy (referred to as autophagy) is a conserved self-degrading process for cytoplasm or organelles through the formation of autophagosomes and subsequent fusion with lysosomes. Autophagy is important to maintain protein homeostasis. Microglia are the brain-resident macrophages and their functions in the pathogenesis of AD are gaining attention. Since microglia are the first cell population responding to early changes in AD, it is pivotal to understand the interplay between microglia and other neural cells in AD.