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25 November 2013, Volume 8 Issue 33 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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An expert consensus on the evaluation and treatment of acute thoracolumbar spine and spinal cord injury in China Zhicheng Zhang, Fang Li, Tiansheng Sun 2013, 8 (33):  3077-3086.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.33.001 Abstract ( 218 )   PDF (134KB) ( 1936 )   Save This is an expert consensus on the evaluation and treatment of thoracolumbar spinal injury, estab-lished from February 2009 to July 2010. The expert consensus consists mainly of six parts with a total of 54 recommendations including the overview (one item); pre-hospital care (one item); evalu-ation and diagnosis (13 items); treatment (23 items); prevention and treatment of major complica-tions (12 items); and rehabilitation (four items). This is the first time that Chinese experts have pub-lished a consensus on spine and spinal cord injury. The expert consensus was established based on Delphi methods, literature analysis, and clinical experiences. Each recommendation is supported by and was interpreted using multi-level evidences. The level of agreement with the recommenda-tion among the panel members was assessed as either low, moderate, or strong. Each panel member was asked to indicate his or her level of agreement on a 5-point scale, with “1” corre-sponding to neutrality and “5” representing maximum agreement. Scores were aggregated across the panel members and an arithmetic mean was calculated. This mean score was then translated into low, moderate, or strong. After all of the votes were collected and calculated, the results showed no low-level recommendations, 10 moderate-level recommendations, and 44 strong-level recom-mendations. An expert consensus was reached and was recognized by Chinese spine surgeons. Wide-scale adoption of these recommendations is urgent in the management of acute thoracol-umbar spine and spinal cord injury in a broader attempt to create a standard evaluation and treat-ment strategy for acute thoracolumbar spine and spinal cord injury in China. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Monitoring somatosensory evoked potentials in spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury Yiming Ji, Bin Meng, Chenxi Yuan, Huilin Yang, Jun Zou 2013, 8 (33):  3087-3094.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.33.002 Abstract ( 257 )   PDF (222KB) ( 1383 )   Save It remains unclear whether spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury caused by ischemia and other non-mechanical factors can be monitored by somatosensory evoked potentials. Therefore, we monitored spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury in rabbits using somatosensory evoked potential detection technology. The results showed that the somatosensory evoked potential latency was significantly prolonged and the amplitude significantly reduced until it disappeared during the period of spinal cord ischemia. After reperfusion for 30–180 minutes, the amplitude and latency began to gradually recover; at 360 minutes of reperfusion, the latency showed no significant difference compared with the pre-ischemic value, while the somatosensory evoked potential amplitude in-creased, and severe hindlimb motor dysfunctions were detected. Experimental findings suggest that changes in somatosensory evoked potential latency can reflect the degree of spinal cord ischemic injury, while the amplitude variations are indicators of the late spinal cord reperfusion injury, which provide evidence for the assessment of limb motor function and avoid iatrogenic spinal cord injury. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Targeting β-secretase with RNAi in neural stem cells for Alzheimer’s disease therapy Zhonghua Liu, Shengliang Li, Zibin Liang, Yan Zhao, Yulin Zhang, Yaqi Yang, Minjuan Wang, Feng Li 2013, 8 (33):  3095-3106.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.33.003 Abstract ( 223 )   PDF (783KB) ( 2012 )   Save null References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Construction of human Fab library and screening of a single-domain antibody of amyloid-beta 42 oligomers Zuanning Yuan, Minge Du, Yiwen Chen, Fei Dou 2013, 8 (33):  3107-3115.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.33.004 Abstract ( 236 )   PDF (290KB) ( 2084 )   Save null References | Related Articles | Metrics

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MAPT as a predisposing gene for sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in the Chinese Han population Pu Fang, Wenyuan Xu, Chengsi Wu, Min Zhu, Xiaobing Li, Daojun Hong 2013, 8 (33):  3116-3123.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.33.005 Abstract ( 337 )   PDF (266KB) ( 1572 )   Save A previous study of European Caucasian patients with sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis demonstrated that a polymorphism in the microtubule-associated protein Tau (MAPT) gene was significantly associated with sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis pathogenesis. Here, we tested this association in 107 sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients and 100 healthy controls from the Chinese Han population. We screened the mutation-susceptible regions of MAPT – the 3′ and 5′ untranslated regions as well as introns 9, 10, 11, and 12 – by direct sequencing, and identified 33 genetic variations. Two of these, 105788 A > G in intron 9 and 123972 T > A in intron 11, were not present in the control group. The age of onset in patients with the 105788 A > G and/or the 123972 T > A variant was younger than that in patients without either genetic variation. Moreover, the pa-tients with a genetic variation were more prone to bulbar palsy and breathing difficulties than those with the wild-type genotype. This led to a shorter survival period in patients with a MAPT genetic variant. Our study suggests that the MAPT gene is a potential risk gene for sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in the Chinese Han population. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide expression in dorsal root ganglia in sciatic nerve injury rats Changma Fu, Zongsheng Yin, Defu Yu, Zuhua Yang 2013, 8 (33):  3124-3130.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.33.006 Abstract ( 354 )   PDF (240KB) ( 1393 )   Save The neuropeptides, substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide, have been shown to be involved in pain transmission and repair of sciatic nerve injury. A model of sciatic nerve defect was prepared by dissecting the sciatic nerve at the middle, left femur in female Sprague Dawley rats. The two ends of the nerve were encased in a silica gel tube. L5 dorsal root ganglia were harvested 7, 14 and 28 days post sciatic nerve injury for immunohistochemical staining. Results showed that substance P and cal-citonin gene-related peptide expression increased significantly in dorsal root ganglion of rats with sci-atic nerve injury. This increase peaked at 7 days, declined at 14 days, and reduced to normal levels by 28 days post injury. The findings indicate that the neuropeptides, substance P and calcitonin gene- related peptide, mainly increased in the early stages after sciatic nerve injury. Related Articles | Metrics

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Viscoelasticity of repaired sciatic nerve by poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) tubes Chengdong Piao, Peng Li, Guangyao Liu, Kun Yang 2013, 8 (33):  3131-3138.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.33.007 Abstract ( 249 )   PDF (328KB) ( 1272 )   Save Medical-grade synthetic poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) polymer can be used as a biomaterial for nerve repair because of its good biocompatibility, biodegradability and adjustable degradation rate. The stress relaxation and creep properties of peripheral nerve can be greatly improved by repair with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) tubes. Ten sciatic nerve specimens were harvested from fresh corpses within 24 hours of death, and were prepared into sciatic nerve injury models by creating a 10 mm defect in each specimen. Defects were repaired by anastomosis with nerve autografts and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) tubes. Stress relaxation and creep testing showed that at 7 200 seconds, the sciatic nerve anastomosed by poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) tubes exhibited a greater decrease in stress and increase in strain than those anastomosed by nerve autografts. These findings suggest that poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) exhibits good viscoelasticity to meet the biomechanical require-ments for a biomaterial used to repair sciatic nerve injury. Related Articles | Metrics

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Chitosan conduits combined with nerve growth factor microspheres repair facial nerve defects Huawei Liu, Weisheng Wen, Min Hu, Wenting Bi, Lijie Chen, Sanxia Liu, Peng Chen, Xinying Tan 2013, 8 (33):  3139-3147.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.33.008 Abstract ( 198 )   PDF (371KB) ( 1707 )   Save Microspheres containing nerve growth factor for sustained release were prepared by a compound method, and implanted into chitosan conduits to repair 10-mm defects on the right buccal branches of the facial nerve in rabbits. In addition, chitosan conduits combined with nerve growth factor or normal saline, as well as autologous nerve, were used as controls. At 90 days post-surgery, the muscular atrophy on the right upper lip was more evident in the nerve growth factor and normal sa-line groups than in the nerve growth factor-microspheres and autologous nerve groups. Electro-physiological analysis revealed that the nerve conduction velocity and amplitude were significantly higher in the nerve growth factor-microspheres and autologous nerve groups than in the nerve growth factor and normal saline groups. Moreover, histological observation illustrated that the di-ameter, number, alignment and myelin sheath thickness of myelinated nerves derived from rabbits were higher in the nerve growth factor-microspheres and autologous nerve groups than in the nerve growth factor and normal saline groups. These findings indicate that chitosan nerve conduits com-bined with microspheres for sustained release of nerve growth factor can significantly improve facial nerve defect repair in rabbits. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Role of endoplasmic reticulum stress in the loss of retinal ganglion cells in diabetic retinopathy Liping Yang, Lemeng Wu, Dongmei Wang, Ying Li, Hongliang Dou, Mark O.M.Tso, Zhizhong Ma 2013, 8 (33):  3148-3158.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.33.009 Abstract ( 191 )   PDF (569KB) ( 1812 )   Save null References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Scanning pattern of diffusion tensor tractography and an analysis of the morphology and function of spinal nerve roots Xin Tian, Huaijun Liu, Zuojun Geng, Hua Yang, Guoshi Wang, Jiping Yang, Chunxia Wang, Cuining Li, Ying Li 2013, 8 (33):  3159-3166.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.33.010 Abstract ( 217 )   PDF (234KB) ( 1411 )   Save null References | Related Articles | Metrics