Neural Regeneration Research ›› 2016, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (6): 1015-1024.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.184506

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Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell therapy in ischemic stroke: mechanisms of action and treatment optimization strategies

Guihong Li1, 2, Fengbo Yu3, Ting Lei1, Haijun Gao1, Peiwen Li1, Yuxue Sun1, Haiyan Huang1, *, Qingchun Mu2, *   

  1. 1 Department of Neurosurgery, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China 2 Department of Neurosurgery, Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang Province, China 3 School of Pharmacy, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang Province, China
  • Received:2016-03-18 Online:2016-06-30 Published:2016-06-30
  • Contact: Qingchun Mu, M.D., Ph.D. or Haiyan Huang, M.D., Ph.D., muqc@qq.com or huanghy@jlu.edu.cn.
  • Supported by:

    This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China, No. H2015083; and a grant from Higher Education Reform Project of Mudanjaing Medical University of China, No. 2013016.

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Abstract:

Animal and clinical studies have confirmed the therapeutic effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on cerebral ischemia, but their mechanisms of action remain poorly understood. Here, we summarize the transplantation approaches, directional migration, differentiation, replacement, neural circuit reconstruction, angiogenesis, neurotrophic factor secretion, apoptosis, immunomodulation, multiple mechanisms of action, and optimization strategies for bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of ischemic stroke. We also explore the safety of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation and conclude that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation is an important direction for future treatment of cerebral ischemia. Determining the optimal timing and dose for the transplantation are important directions for future research.

Key words: nerve regeneration, ischemia/reperfusion injury, animal model, mechanisms of action, clinical application, research progress, genetic modification, angiogenesis, replacement therapy, neural regeneration