Abstract: Our previous study used regional homogeneity analysis and found that activity in some brain areas of patients with ischemic stroke changed signifcantly. In the current study, we examined structural changes in these brain regions by taking structural magnetic resonance imaging scans of 11 ischemic stroke patients and 15 healthy participants, and analyzing the data using voxel-based morphometry. Compared with healthy participants, patients exhibited higher gray matter density in the left inferior occipital gyrus and right anterior white matter tract. In contrast, gray matter density in the right cerebellum, left precentral gyrus, right middle frontal gyrus, and left middle temporal gyrus was less in ischemic stroke patients. The changes of gray matter density in the middle frontal gyrus were negatively associated with the clinical rating scales of the Fugl-Meyer Motor Assessment (r = –0.609, P = 0.047) and the left middle temporal gyrus was negatively correlated with the clinical rating scales of the nervous functional defciency scale (r = –0.737, P = 0.010). Our fndings can objectively identify the functional abnormality in some brain regions of ischemic stroke patients.

Key words: nerve regeneration, ischemic stroke, brain structure abnormality, functional magnetic resonance imaging, gray matter density, voxel-based morphometry, Fugl-Meyer Motor Assessment, nervous functional deficiency scale, functional deficiency, neuroplasticity, neural reorganization, neural regeneration