Neural Regeneration Research ›› 2018, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (1): 154-160.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.224382

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Critical role of SDF-1/CXCR4 signaling pathway in stem cell homing in the deafened rat cochlea after acoustic trauma

Ali Asghar Peyvandi1, Navid Ahmady Roozbahany1, 2, Hassan Peyvandi1, 3, Hojjat-Allah Abbaszadeh1, 4, Niloofar Majdinasab1,Mohammad Faridan5, Somayeh Niknazar1   

  1. 1 Hearing Disorders Research Center, Loghman Hakim Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
    2 G. Raymond Chang School, Ryerson University, Toronto, Canada
    3 Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
    4 Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
    5 Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Loorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
  • Received:2017-12-04 Online:2018-01-15 Published:2018-01-15
  • Contact: Somayeh Niknazar, Ph.D.,niknazar.somayeh@gmail.com.
  • Supported by:

    This work was financially supported by the Hearing Disorders Research Center of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences.

Abstract:

Previous animal studies have shown that stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1)/CXC chemokine receptor-4 (CXCR4) signaling pathway plays an important role in the targeted migration of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) to the injured area. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the potential role of chemotactic SDF-1/CXCR4 signaling pathway in the homing of transplanted BMSCs to the injured cochlea after noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) in a rat model. White noise exposure (110 dB) paradigm was used for hearing loss induction in male rats for 6 hours in 5 days. Distortion-product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) responses were recorded before the experiment and post noise exposure.Hoechst 33342-labeled BMSCs and CXCR4 antagonist (AMD3100)-treated BMSCs were injected into the rat cochlea through the round window. SDF-1 protein expression in the cochlear tissue was assayed using western blot assay. The number of labeled BMSCs reaching the endolymph was determined after 24 hours.SDF-1 was significantly increased in the cochlear tissue of rats in the noise exposure group than in the control group. The number of Hoechst 33342-labeled BMSCs reaching the endolymph of the cochlea was significantly smaller in the AMD3100-treated BMSCs group than in the normal BMSCs group. Our present findings suggest that the SDF-1/CXCR4 signaling pathway has a critical role in BMSCs migration to the injured cochlea in a rat model of noise-induced hearing loss.

Key words: nerve regeneration, stem cells, migration, SDF-1/ CXCR4 axis, noise-induced hearing loss, neural regeneration