Neural Regeneration Research ›› 2021, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (10): 1992-1993.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.308082

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A paradigm shift: emerging roles of microglia, a non-neuronal cell, in learning and memory

Neelima Gupta, S. Thameem Dheen*   

  1. Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore,  Singapore 
  • Online:2021-10-15 Published:2021-03-19
  • Contact: S. Thameem Dheen, PhD, antstd@nus.edu.sg.
  • Supported by:
    In order to comply with the limited space, we apologize for not citing most of the work presented here done by our colleagues in the field. 

    This work was supported by the NUS Strategic Research Grant (Memory Networks in Rodent and Primate) DPRT/944/09/14 (R185-000-271-646) (to STD) and Ministry of Education (Tier 2) grant (R181-000-186-112) (to STD). 

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Abstract: Microglial cells are non-neuronal cells which serve as the first line of defence against various injuries and insults in the central nervous system (CNS). They act as sentinels that constantly patrol the surrounding parenchyma through their ramified processes in the CNS. In response to any pathological insult, microglia become activated, undergo proliferation, migrate to the site of injury or infection, and release chemokines and cytokines followed by the phagocytosis of dead cells and debris.