Abstract: Since it was first described as a method to treat phantom limb pain, mirror therapy (MT) has been applied in many areas of rehabilitation. Its seminal application with the aim of restoring motor function following stroke is considered to be that of Altschuler et al. (1999). The key features of MT in this context are that the stroke survivor performs movements of the less-impaired limb while looking in a mirror, that is positioned such that the reflected image gives rise to the impression that the more-impaired limb is also moving. In most discussions of the means through which MT exerts therapeutic effects, emphasis is placed upon an instrumental role of the visual feedback provided by the mirror. Although it is known that such feedback increases the excitability of corticospinal projections to the quiescent limb, there is scant evidence that this in itself gives rise to subsequent increases in functional movement capacity (Carson et al., 2016).