Neural Regeneration Research ›› 2025, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (11): 3231-3232.doi: 10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-24-00752

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Secretome of polarized macrophages: potential for targeting inflammatory dynamics in spinal cord injury

Andreia Monteiro, Susana Monteiro, Nuno A. Silva*   

  1. Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal (Monteiro A, Monteiro S, Silva NA) ICVS/3B’s Associate Lab, PT Government Associated Lab, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal (Monteiro A, Monteiro S, Silva NA)
  • Online:2025-11-15 Published:2025-02-23
  • Contact: Nuno A. Silva, PhD, nunosilva@med.uminho.pt.
  • Supported by:
    This work has been funded by national funds, through the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) - project UIDB/50026/2020, UIDP/50026/2020 (to NAS), and EXPL/MEDPAT/0931/2021 (to SM). Financial support was provided by Prémios Santa Casa Neurociências– Prize Melo e Castro for Spinal Cord Injury Research (MC-18-2021), Wings For Life Spinal Cord Research Foundation (WFL-PT-14/23) and “la Caixa” Foundation (HR23-00484) (to NAS). We would also like to acknowledge the FCT for the Scientific Employment Stimulus to NAS and SM (CEECIND/04794/2017 and CEECIND/01902/2017).

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Abstract: Spinal cord injury (SCI) involves an initial traumatic phase, followed by secondary events such as ischemia, increased blood–spinal cord barrier permeability, ionic disruption, glutamate excitotoxicity, and metabolic alterations. A persistent and exaggerated inflammatory response within the spinal cord accompanies these events (Lima et al., 2022). The complexity and interplay of these mechanisms exacerbate the initial injury, leading to a degenerative process at the injury site. While the initial trauma is unavoidable, the secondary injury begins within minutes and can last for months, creating an optimal window for therapeutic intervention.