Abstract:

Traumatic cerebral or spinal cord injury induced by military, traffic,and sports accidents, falls or environmental and anthropogenic catastrophes are among main causes of people mortality and disability,especially in young and middle age men (Kobeissy, 2015). Axon transection, or axotomy, occurs in wounds and during surgery. Central neurons do not regenerate and die, but in the peripheral nervous system 25–30% of axotomized motor or sensory neurons survive and can regenerate and restore lost connections to their target cells. In order to treat the consequences of nerve injury, the balance between neurodegeneration and neuroprotection processes should be rapidly shifted to neuron survival. Unfortunately, reliable neuroprotective medications with proven efficiency are not found yet. So, comprehensive and deep study of molecular processes that occur after axon transection is required.