Abstract: With our ever-increasing aging population, agerelated health issues are becoming one of the greatest sociological and economic pressures on society. This is particularly the case for neurodegenerative diseases that are estimated to affect over 1 in 3 people globally without effective treatment so far. Neurodegenerative disorders are broadly characterized by the gradual deterioration and death of neurons in the brain and/or spinal cord that leads to irreversible damage to the nervous system. Depending on the types of neurons and brain region affected, neurodegenerative diseases manifest as motor disruptions such as Huntington’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and Parkinson’s disease to dementias such as Alzheimer’s disease and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). All neurodegenerative diseases are associated with aberrant protein accumulation, which contributes to neuron toxicity and disease development. However, the mechanisms involved in the selective vulnerability for different types of neurons driving various clinical displays remain unclear.