Figure 2|The VAPB-PTPIP51 interaction is reduced in ALS spinal cord motor neurons.
To study ER-mitochondria contacts in ALS, we used 7 μm paraffin wax embedded sections of post-mortem spinal cord from control and ALS cases with no known family history of ALS. Our study was well powered with 15 control and 16 ALS cases and we quantified the interaction of the essential ER-mitochondria tethering proteins VAPB and PTPIP51. Motor neurons of the ventral horn were manually identified by their size and morphology using hematoxylin counterstaining. PLA signals were quantified in these cells and found to be significantly lower in the sporadic ALS donor tissue (Figure 2; Hartopp et al., 2022).