中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2014, Vol. 9 ›› Issue (15): 1434-1436.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.139459

• 观点:神经损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

认识人脑的穹窿神经连接:穹窿损伤后神经重组的基础

  

  • 收稿日期:2014-07-21 出版日期:2014-08-12 发布日期:2014-08-12

Perspectives on the neural connectivity of the fornix in the human brain

Sung Ho Jang, Hyeok Gyu Kwon   

  1. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Taegu, Republic of Korea
  • Received:2014-07-21 Online:2014-08-12 Published:2014-08-12
  • Contact: Hyeok Gyu Kwon, MS, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University 317-1, Daemyung dong, Namku, Taegu, 705-717, Republic of Korea, khg0715@hanmail.net.

摘要:

穹窿涉及情景记忆的信息传送,是papez回路的一部分。最近的研究表明,穹窿的神经连接性比传统概念上的穹窿解剖结构更广泛也更复杂。过去,使用传统脑CT和MRI准确评估穹窿一直很困难,因此,科学家们对有关人类大脑的穹隆神经连接了解十分有限。弥散张量成像的引入实现了三维可视化的穹窿评估。一些研究正常和损伤样本穹窿部机制的研究表明,研究结果与在穹窿的神经连接相吻合。最近一项使用DTI的临床研究揭示了穹窿神经连接在受损穹窿的机制恢复方面是非常重要的。这些研究结果显示,受损穹窿的恢复机制可能基于穹窿的神经连接和大脑可塑性的基本机制(通常在占主导地位的系统受损后表现出剩余神经轴突和突触的特定功能,以及失神经区域的侧支出芽到完整神经元萌芽)。总之,前穹隆体与前连合、大脑区域相关胆碱能神经核(鼻中隔前脑区和脑干)以及记忆功能(内侧颞叶)具有较高连通性。相比之下,后穹隆体在正常人脑中通过胼胝体压部具有与大脑皮层和脑干的连接性。最近的DTI临床研究表明,穹窿的这种神经连接性是穹窿损伤后神经重组的基础。特别是这种通过胼胝体前联合胼胝体压部与内侧颞叶的高连通性为神经回路重组提供了可能。来自韩国岭南大学医学院的Sung Ho Jang教授认为,对穹窿神经连接的了解将对脑损伤患者后穹窿损伤记忆和恢复机制相关的神经网络调查有所帮助。将来仍需要临床研究对涉及大量病人和各种脑部病变的病例进行深层次研究。

Abstract:

The fornix is involved in the transfer of information on episodic memory as a part of the Papez circuit. Diffusion tensor imaging enables to estimate the neural connectivity of the fornix. The anterior fornical body has high connectivity with the anterior commissure, and brain areas relevant to cholinergic nuclei (septal forebrain region and brainstem) and memory function (medial temporal lobe). In the normal subjects, by contrast, the posterior fornical body has connectivity with the cerebral cortex and brainstem through the splenium of the corpus callosum. We believe that knowledge of the neural connectivity of the fornix would be helpful in investigation of the neural network associated with memory and recovery mechanisms following injury of the fornix