中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2015, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (10): 1548-1551.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.165317

• 观点:脑损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

放射状胶质细胞移植在中枢神经系统再生中的新作用

  

  • 收稿日期:2015-07-15 出版日期:2015-10-28 发布日期:2015-10-28

The emerging roles of transplanted radial glial cells in regenerating the central nervous system

Robin E. White, Denis S. Barry   

  1. Biology Department, Westfield State University, Westfield, MA, USA (White RE)
    Department of Anatomy, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, University of Dublin, Ireland (Barry DS)
  • Received:2015-07-15 Online:2015-10-28 Published:2015-10-28
  • Contact: Denis S. Barry, Ph.D., debarry@tcd.ie.

摘要:

放射状神经胶质细胞及其亚型在中枢神经系统的发育过程中一直存在,同时也持续存在于成年人的神经微环境中。它们具有一种顶端-基底极性,为神经细胞层状模式迁移创造了结构框架。这一形态也促使它们伴随大量轴线与轴突相互作用,为大脑和脊髓提供界线,管线以及分类结构。放射状胶质细胞通过修复整个中枢神经系统可有效防止了成熟期大脑及脊髓的永久性损伤。根据新发现所阐明的放射状胶质细胞前体及其再生能力重点将会放在重建神经连接及修护细胞群伴随的神经退行过程中胚胎干细胞或放射状胶质细胞及内生放射状胶质细胞群衍生的细胞株所具有的移植潜力。

Abstract:

In a rapidly advancing field, biomaterial based transplantation platforms such as hydrogels and nanofibre scaffolds are enhancing engraftment by allowing multiple cell matrixes to be implanted, thereby replacing both the cells lost due to injury and the neurotrophic populations necessary to enrich them and modulate immune responses at the injury site. For example, we are currently successfully growing radial glial rich cultures isolated from the embryonic spinal cord on specialized biopolymers, and aim to apply these to spinal cord injury loci recreating the embryonic CNS microenvironment (unpublished). It is clear that intricate networks of radial glial cells or their progeny form scaffolds that segregate/guide growing axons, while contributing to gliogenesis and neurogenesis during development. Recent reports describing the ability of radial glial cells to re-differentiate at injury loci, and offer neurotrophic support to surviving cells in both amphibians and mammals, will ensure attention will continually be placed on radial glia and their derivatives. By combining this research with technological developments in neural tissue engineering to support the growth and transplantation of CNS progenitors, we are confident that radial glial cells, and in particular ES cell derivatives such as RG3.6 cells, will play significant roles in advancing cell replacement and regeneration therapies.