中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2015, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (11): 1748-1749.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.169606

• 观点:退行性病与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

延缓神经退行性变分子干预靶点的丝裂原活化蛋白激酶磷酸酶

  

  • 收稿日期:2015-08-17 出版日期:2015-12-07 发布日期:2015-12-07
  • 基金资助:

    该研究由爱尔兰科学基金会SFI/ IA/1537支持

A role for mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase 1 (MKP1) in neural cell development and survival

André Toulouse*, Yvonne M. Nolan   

  1. Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork,
    Western Gateway Building, Cork, Ireland
  • Received:2015-08-17 Online:2015-12-07 Published:2015-12-07
  • Contact: André Toulouse, Ph.D., a.toulouse@ucc.ie.
  • Supported by:

    The authors acknowledge support from Science Foundation Ireland under grant No. SFI/IA/1537. The authors declare no conflicts of interest

摘要:

丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)途径存在于大多数细胞中,包括神经元和神经胶质细胞的保守细胞内信号传导途径。该途径可响应各种细胞内外刺激:如生长因子、细胞因子和氧化应激反应刺激,并允许各种信号整合以产生适当的细胞应答:例如调节基因表达、细胞增殖、分化和存活以及应激反应,有关其级联具体过程已经有过探讨。研究显示MKP1在多种中枢神经系统疾病中有重要作用。MKP1在调节胶质细胞介导的神经炎症反应中起关键作用,对MKP1进行加工处理或结合MAPK特异性抑制剂的使用将扩展中枢神经系统疾病多种治疗方案的选择。鉴于目前尚缺乏神经退行性疾病的分子干预靶点和MKP1在该类疾病中中枢调节作用的深入探讨,因此开发以MKP1为干预靶点的治疗措施可是一个需要优先考虑的问题。

Abstract:

The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways are a group of conserved intracellular signalling pathways present in most cells including neurons and glia. These pathways respond to a variety of stimuli including growth factors, cytokines and oxidative stress to generate appropriate cellular responses such as modulation of gene expression, cell proliferation, differentiation and survival as well as the stress response. The details of the cascades have been discussed elsewhere but usually follow a three-tier structure; a MAP3K activates a MAPK kinase (MAPKK), which in turn activates a MAPK, that can in turn regulate the activity of its cellular target by phosphorylation of specific amino acid residues. Three groups of MAPK have been identified; the extracellular signal-regulated kinases of which extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 and ERK5 form two distinct classes, c-JUN N-terminal kinases (JNK1, JNK2 and JNK3), and the p38 kinases (p38 α, β, γ and δ). The ERK1/2 and ERK5 pathways respond to both mitotic and stress signals provided by growth factors, hormones and inflammatory cytokines. The other MAPK, p38 and JNK, are activated in response to growth factors, cytokines, viral proteins, lipopolysaccharides as well as cellular stress conditions. Collectively, the MAPK pathways play important roles in regulating cellular ageing, cell division, cell survival/apoptosis, neuronal activity, insulin signalling, inflammation and the immune response.