中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2016, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (3): 357-362.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.179030

• 综述:神经损伤修复保护与再生 •    下一篇

神经发育和再生中的基质金属蛋白酶:系统发育多样化视角

  

  • 收稿日期:2016-01-11 出版日期:2016-03-15 发布日期:2016-03-15

Matrix metalloproteinases in neural development: a phylogenetically diverse perspective

Christopher D. Small, Bryan D. Crawford   

  1. Department of Biology, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, E3B 6E1, Canada
  • Received:2016-01-11 Online:2016-03-15 Published:2016-03-15
  • Contact: Bryan D. Crawford, Ph.D., bryanc@unb.ca.

摘要:

细胞外基质是一种已知组织结构的可在发育中发挥基本作用的复杂和动态方面,如伤口愈合,组织体内平衡和许多病理过程。 细胞外基质通常调制,有时包括发育和/或使用细胞以确定其转录状态,三维结构位置信号,以及与其他细胞的相互作用。细胞-基质的相互作用是双向的,这些相互作用是在这两个在建立在神经管细胞类型中,对复杂模式的神经发育和再生尤其重要,同时对轴突寻路,周围神经系统的细胞迁移,以及最终的突触稳定性/可塑性有积极作用。

Abstract:

The matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of zinc-dependent endopeptidases originally characterized as secreted proteases responsible for degrading extracellular matrix proteins. Their canonical role in matrix remodelling is of significant importance in neural development and regeneration, but emerging roles for MMPs, especially in signal transduction pathways, are also of obvious importance in a neural context. Misregulation of MMP activity is a hallmark of many neuropathologies, and members of every branch of the MMP family have been implicated in aspects of neural development and disease. However, while extraordinary research efforts have been made to elucidate the molecular mechanisms involving MMPs, methodological constraints and complexities of the research models have impeded progress. Here we discuss the current state of our understanding of the roles of MMPs in neural development using recent examples and advocate a phylogenetically diverse approach to MMP research as a means to both circumvent the challenges associated with specific model organisms, and to provide a broader evolutionary context from which to synthesize an understanding of the underlying biology.

Key words: matrix metalloproteinases, extracellular matrix, xenopus, Drosophila, zabrafish, neural development, evolution