中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2016, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (3): 418-419.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.179049

• 观点:脊髓损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

嘌呤受体有助于脊髓损伤修复?

  

  • 收稿日期:2015-12-29 出版日期:2016-03-15 发布日期:2016-03-15

Contribution of purinergic receptors to spinal cord injury repair: stem cell- based neuroregeneration

Rosa Gomez-Villafuertes   

  1. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology IV, Veterinary School,Universidad Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
  • Received:2015-12-29 Online:2016-03-15 Published:2016-03-15
  • Contact: Rosa Gomez-Villafuertes, Ph.D., marosa@ucm.es.

摘要:

创伤性脊髓损伤,即脊柱的物理创伤进而影响运动、感觉或自主神经功能,是一种破坏性的神经系统疾病,对社会和个人都造成了严重负担。遗憾的是,迄今为止还没有治疗脊髓损伤主要神经功能缺陷的有效方法。但目前科学家正在研究几种有希望的神经保护药剂,并进行着持续的临床前和临床试验。神经保护疗法不仅仅旨在减少细胞坏死和减轻二次损伤机制,也是为了促进细胞再生和组织修复。其中一种有望的治疗策略是细胞移植,替换坏死的或受损的细胞并提供营养供给。尤其是成熟的神经干细胞/祖细胞对于脊髓损伤后促进组织修复作用特别吸引人,因为它们很容易扩增到体外并形成神经球的未分化细胞集群,而且也应用于神经系。文章中提出成熟的神经干细胞/祖细胞优于胚胎细胞或者胎儿细胞:(1)在某种情况下,它可能将会以一种自体的形式获取;(2)它们的致瘤性比胚胎干细胞少;(3)避免了使用胚胎细胞或者胎儿干细胞存在的伦理问题。

Abstract:

Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI), defined as physical trauma to the spinal column yielding altered motor, sensory, or autonomic function, is a devastating neurological disease causing major impact at both personal and societal level. Unfortunately, to date no effective treatment exists for the major neurological deficits of SCI. However, there are several hopeful neuroprotective agents beingcurrently investigated in ongoing preclinical and clinical trials. The aim of neuroprotective treatments is not only to reduce cell death and reduce mechanisms of secondary injury, but also to promote regeneration and tissue repair. One of these promising therapeutic strategies consists on cell transplantation to replace dead or damaged cells and provide trophic support. In particular, adult neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) are especially attractive to promote tissue repair after SCI, since they readily expand in vitro forming colonies of undifferentiated cells called neurospheres, and are committed to the neural lineage.Adult NSPCs may have advantages over embryonic or fetal cells: 1) in some cases it will be possible to harvest them in an autologous fashion; 2) they may have less oncogenic potential than embryonic stem cells; and 3) the avoidance of some of the ethical issues surrounding the use of stem cells of embryonic or fetal origin.