中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2024, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (2): 380-386.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.377588

• 综述:脑损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

转化生长因子β在周围神经再生中的作用

  

  • 出版日期:2024-02-15 发布日期:2023-08-30
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金

Role of transforming growth factor-β in peripheral nerve regeneration

Zihan Ding1, #, Maorong Jiang1, #, Jiaxi Qian1, Dandan Gu1, Huiyuan Bai1, Min Cai2, *, Dengbing Yao1, *   

  1. 1School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China; 2Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Online:2024-02-15 Published:2023-08-30
  • Contact: Dengbing Yao, MD, PhD, yaodb@ntu.edu.cn; Min Cai, MD, caiminnt@ntu.edu.cn.
  • Supported by:
    The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Nos. 31971277 and 31950410551 (both to DY).

摘要:

意外伤害和神经退行性疾病往往对周围神经系统造成不同程度的损害,甚至影响到支配身体的能力,导致功能丧失。周围神经中受损的轴突往往可以在许旺细胞提供的促进生长的微环境下或借助于重新编程后的内在神经元生长能力而再生,这与中枢神经系统的轴突不同。然而,这样的轴突再生或修复并不总是完全令人满意的。因此,如何更好地修复周围神经是神经再生领域中促进受损神经功能恢复的巨大挑战。转化生长因子是一种多功能的细胞因子,可以控制各种生物过程,包括组织修复、胚胎发育、细胞生长和分化。近年来,越来越多的证据表明,转化生长因子β家族成员通过各种关键的分子调节和信号通路参与周围神经修复。它们调节许旺细胞的生长和转化,招募特定的免疫细胞,控制血神经屏障的通透性,从而激活轴突生长,抑制再生轴突的再髓化,最终促进受损神经的修复。在动物模型中,转化生长因子β已被应用于周围神经损伤的治疗。在此,文章对转化生长因子β参与周围神经轴突再生的基本机制进行回顾,从而深入探讨转化生长因子β在周围神经再生中的生物学活性和机制。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5177-0318 (Dengbing Yao); https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4573-0870 (Min Cai)

Abstract: Injuries caused by trauma and neurodegenerative diseases can damage the peripheral nervous system and cause functional deficits. Unlike in the central nervous system, damaged axons in peripheral nerves can be induced to regenerate in response to intrinsic cues after reprogramming or in a growth-promoting microenvironment created by Schwann cells. However, axon regeneration and repair do not automatically result in the restoration of function, which is the ultimate therapeutic goal but also a major clinical challenge. Transforming growth factor (TGF) is a multifunctional cytokine that regulates various biological processes including tissue repair, embryo development, and cell growth and differentiation. There is accumulating evidence that TGF-β family proteins participate in peripheral nerve repair through various factors and signaling pathways by regulating the growth and transformation of Schwann cells; recruiting specific immune cells; controlling the permeability of the blood-nerve barrier, thereby stimulating axon growth; and inhibiting remyelination of regenerated axons. TGF-β has been applied to the treatment of peripheral nerve injury in animal models. In this context, we review the functions of TGF-β in peripheral nerve regeneration and potential clinical applications.

Key words: myelination, nerve repair and regeneration, neurite, neuroinflammation, peripheral nerve injury, Schwann cell, transforming growth factor-β, Wallerian degeneration