中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2024, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (on line): 1-16.

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Exosomes: The next-generation therapeutic platform for ischemic stroke

  

  • 出版日期:2024-01-01 发布日期:2024-02-19

Wenjing Yin1, Hongyin Ma1, Yang Qu1, Jiaxin Ren1, Yingying Sun1, Zhen-Ni Guo1, 2, *, Yi Yang1, *   

  1. 1Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Chang Chun, China; 2Neuroscience Research Center, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Chang Chun, China
  • Online:2024-01-01 Published:2024-02-19
  • Contact: Zhen-Ni Guo,MD, PhD, zhen1ni2@jlu.edu.cn; Yi Yang, MD, PhD, yang_yi@jlu.edu.cn.
  • Supported by:
    This project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82071291), the Norman Bethune Health Science Center of Jilin University (2022JBGS03), Science and Technology Department of Jilin Province (YDZJ202302CXJD061, 20220303002SF) and Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory (YDZJ202302CXJD017) to YY; Talent Reserve Program of the First Hospital of Jilin University (JDYYCB-2023002) to ZNG, and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82301464) to HM.

摘要: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8922-3862 (Zhen-Ni Guo); https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9729-8522 (Yi Yang)

Abstract: Ischemic stroke (IS) is the leading cause of disability and death worldwide. However, the current therapeutic strategies do not achieve the goal of neurological function recovery. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new methods for the treatment of IS. Exosomes are natural, cell-derived vesicles that mediate signal transduction between cells under physiological and pathological conditions. It has low immunogenicity, good stability, high delivery efficiency, and the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier. These physiological properties of exosomes have the potential to make a new breakthrough in IS treatment. In addition, the rapid development of nanotechnology has advanced the renovation of engineered exosomes, which can effectively improve targeting ability, enhance therapeutic efficacy, and minimize the dosage. Advances in technology have also facilitated the development of clinical translational research on exosomes. In this review, we describe the therapeutic effects of exosomes themselves and their positive role in current IS treatment strategies, which including anti-inflammation, anti-apoptosis, autophagy-regulating, angiogenesis, neurogenesis, and glial scar formation reduction. However, it’s worth noting that although exosomes show the great therapeutic efficacy, there is a lack of standards of characterization and efficient isolation with high purity of exosomes. Future optimization strategies should incline to explore suitable isolation technique and establish unified workflows to effectively utilize exosomes in diagnostic or therapeutic applications in IS. In general, our review aims to enhance understanding of the prospects of exosomes in IS and provide novel ideas for the development of exosome-based IS therapies.

Key words: blood-brain barrier, electroacupuncture, engineering, exercise, exosomes, ischemic stroke, mesenchymal stem cells, microglia, neuroprotection, stents