中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2026, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (3): 1089-1103.doi: 10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-24-01375

• 综述:神经损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

精神分裂症:遗传学、神经机制和治疗方法

  

  • 出版日期:2026-03-15 发布日期:2025-07-02

Schizophrenia: Genetics, neurological mechanisms, and therapeutic approaches

Debbie Xiu En Lim1, 2, 3, 4, Shi Yun Yeo4 , Zhen You Ashley Chia4 , Aaron Zefrin Fernandis4 , Jimmy Lee5, 6, John Jia En Chua1, 2, 3, 7, *   

  1. 1 Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore;  2 LSI Neurobiology Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore;  3 Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore;  4 Quantitative Biosciences, MSD International GmbH, Singapore Branch, Singapore;  5 North Region, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore;  6 Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore;  7 Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
  • Online:2026-03-15 Published:2025-07-02
  • Contact: John Jia En Chua, PhD, phsjcje@nus.edu.sg.
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the Ministry of Health National Medical Research Council (to JL) and the National University of Singapore (to JJEC). 

摘要: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5615-1014 (John Jia En Chua) 


Abstract: Schizophrenia is a complex psychiatric disorder marked by positive and negative symptoms, leading to mood disturbances, cognitive impairments, and social withdrawal. While anti-psychotic medications remain the cornerstone of treatment, they often fail to fully address certain symptoms. Additionally, treatment-resistant schizophrenia, affecting 30%–40% of patients, remains a substantial clinical challenge. Positive, negative symptoms and cognitive impairments have been linked to disruptions in the glutamatergic, serotonin, GABAergic, and muscarinic pathways in the brain. Recent advances using genome-wide association study and other approaches have uncovered a significant number of new schizophrenia risk genes that uncovered new, and reinforced prior, concepts on the genetic and neurological underpinnings of schizophrenia, including abnormalities in synaptic function, immune processes, and lipid metabolism. Concurrently, new therapeutics targeting different modalities, which are expected to address some of the limitations of anti-psychotic drugs currently being offered to patients, are currently being evaluated. Collectively, these efforts provide new momentum for the next phase of schizophrenia research and treatment

Key words: neuroinflammation, neuropsychiatric disorders, neurotransmitter pathways, schizophrenia risk genes, treatment resistance