中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2026, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (10): 4690-4703.doi: 10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-25-00291

• 综述:退行性病与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

神经退行性变中视网膜蛋白质组学:对眼部和脑部疾病的作用价值

  

  • 出版日期:2026-10-15 发布日期:2026-06-12

Retinal proteomics in neurodegeneration: Insights into ocular and brain disorders

Shahab Mirshahvaladi1, Bhakta Prasad Gaire2, Sara Assar Kashani3, Aparajeeta Guha2, Yosef Koronyo2, Dieu-Trang Fuchs2, Yuyi You1, 4, 5, Keith L. Black2, Joao A. Paulo6, Stuart L. Graham1, Vivek Gupta1, Mehdi Mirzaei1, 5, Maya Koronyo-Hamaoui2, 7, 8, *   

  1. 1Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia; 
    2Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Maxine Dunitz Neurosurgical Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA; 
    3MND Research Centre, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia; 
    4Save Sight Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; 
    5ProHeme Diagnostics Pty Ltd, Sydney, NSW, Australia;
     6Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; 
    7Department of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Applied Cell Biology and Physiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Maxine Dunitz Neurosurgical Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA; 
    8Department of Neurology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Maxine Dunitz Neurosurgical Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
  • Online:2026-10-15 Published:2026-06-12
  • Contact: Maya Koronyo-Hamaoui, PhD, maya.koronyo@csmc.edu.
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported, in part, by the National Institutes of Health (NIH)/National Institute on Aging (NIA), Nos. R01AG056478, R01AG055865, and R01AG075998 (to MKH) and the Hertz Innovation Fund, The Wilstein and The Gordon Foundations, and The Jona Goldrich Center Alzheimer’s Disease (to MKH).

摘要: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2864-8442 (Maya Koronyo-Hamaou)

Abstract: Dysregulated proteome in the retina represents a promising avenue for discovering novel therapeutic targets and noninvasive diagnostic biomarkers for neurodegenerative diseases with ocular manifestations. Advanced mass spectrometry–based proteomics techniques have shown considerable potential in investigating the retinal proteome in diseases such as glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, retinitis pigmentosa, as well as Alzheimer’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Parkinson’s disease. Recent proteomics innovations are overcoming challenges such as limited sample size and protein coverage that previously hindered comprehensive retinal proteome analysis. Notably, the incorporation of artificial intelligence–driven computational pipelines, including Graphics Processing Unit-accelerated deep learning architectures, has markedly enhanced the precision and effectiveness of retinal proteomics. These advances facilitate high-resolution identification of novel protein signatures within large-scale multi-omics datasets. Furthermore, the integration of advanced artificial intelligence with state-of-the-art big data infrastructures supports the early detection of biomarkers and therapeutic targets in neurodegenerative diseases with ocular involvement, offering unprecedented disease specificity and sensitivity. In addition to these computational strides, emerging complementary and alternative technologies continue to provide valuable tools for retinal analysis, expanding the potential for identifying biomarker and therapeutic targets in both ophthalmic and neurodegenerative disorders. This review summarizes recent advancements in retinal proteomics, with a particular focus on neurodegenerative and ocular diseases.

Key words: age-related macular degeneration, biomarker discovery, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, mechanism of disease, neurodegeneration, post-translational modification, proteomics, retinal proteome, retinitis pigmentosa