中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2018, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (12): 2060-2063.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.241442

• 综述:神经损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

生酮饮食与酮症酸中毒:是什么决定了酮体对神经元的影响?

  

  • 收稿日期:2018-08-23 出版日期:2018-12-15 发布日期:2018-12-15

Ketogenic diet versus ketoacidosis: what determines the influence of ketone bodies on neurons?

Sergei V. Fedorovich1, Polina P. Voronina1, Tatyana V. Waseem2   

  1. 1 Institute of Biophysics and Cell Engineering, Minsk, Belarus
    2 Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
  • Received:2018-08-23 Online:2018-12-15 Published:2018-12-15
  • Contact: Sergei V. Fedorovich, PhD,fedorovich@ibp.org.by or sergeifedorovich@yahoo.co.uk.
  • Supported by:

    This work was supported by the Belorussian Republican Foundation of Fundamental Research (grant No. B17-006).

摘要:

orcid:0000-0003-4474-1954(Sergei V. Fedorovich)

Abstract:

Glucose is the main energy substrate for neurons, however, at certain conditions, e.g. in starvation, these cells could also use ketone bodies. This approach is used in clinical conditions as the ketogenic diet. The ketogenic diet is actually a biochemical model of fasting. It includes replacing carbohydrates by fats in daily meal. Synthesis of ketone bodies β-hydroxubutirate, acetoacetate and acetone begins once glycogen stores have depleted in the liver. The ketogenic diet can be used to treat clinical conditions, primarily epilepsy. The mechanism of neuroprotective action of ketogenic diet is not very clear. It is shown that ketone bodies influence neurons at three different levels, namely, metabolic, signaling and epigenetic levels. Ketone bodies are not always neuroprotective. Sometimes they can be toxic for the brain. Ketoacidosis which is a very dangerous complication of diabetes mellitus or alcoholism can be taken as an example. The exact mechanism of how neuroprotective properties of ketone bodies reverse to neurotoxic is yet to be established.

Key words: β-hydroxybutirate, epilepsy, diabetes mellitus, alcoholism, metabolism, hydroxyl-carboxylic acid receptor, epigenetics, acidosis