中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2021, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (9): 1686-1692.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.306058

• 综述:神经损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

少突胶质前体细胞成熟:腺苷受体的作用

  

  • 出版日期:2021-09-15 发布日期:2021-02-05

Oligodendrocyte precursor cell maturation: role of adenosine receptors

Federica Cherchi, Anna Maria Pugliese, Elisabetta Coppi*   

  1. Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-Neurofarba-Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
  • Online:2021-09-15 Published:2021-02-05
  • Contact: Elisabetta Coppi, PhD, elisabetta.coppi@unifi.it.
  • Supported by:
    The present work was supported by the University of Florence (Fondi Ateneo, AMP), PRIN 2015E8EMCM_002 (AMP); Fondazione Italiana Sclerosi Multipla (FISM): 2019/R-Single/036 (AMP and EC); EC was supported by Fondazione Umberto Veronesi.

摘要:

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6742-456X (Federica Cherchi); 

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7554-5740 (Anna Maria Pugliese); 

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4434-5919 (Elisabetta Coppi)

Abstract: Oligodendrocyte-formed myelin sheaths allow fast synaptic transmission in the brain and their degeneration leads to demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis. Remyelination requires the differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells into mature oligodendrocytes but, in chronic neurodegenerative disorders, remyelination fails due to adverse environment. Therefore, a strategy to prompt oligodendrocyte progenitor cell differentiation towards myelinating oligodendrocytes is required. The neuromodulator adenosine, and its receptors (A1, A2A, A2B and A3 receptors: A1R, A2AR, A2BR and A3R), are crucial mediators in remyelination processes. It is known that A1Rs facilitate oligodendrocyte progenitor cell maturation and migration whereas the A3Rs initiates apoptosis in oligodendrocyte progenitor cells. Our group of research contributed to the field by demonstrating that A2AR and A2BR inhibit oligodendrocyte progenitor cell maturation by reducing voltage-dependent K+ currents necessary for cell differentiation. The present review summarizes the possible role of adenosine receptor ligands as potential therapeutic targets in demyelinating pathologies such as multiple sclerosis.

Key words: adenosine receptors, K+ channels, oligodendrocyte differentiation, oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, remyelination