中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2021, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (11): 2125-2131.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.310670

• 综述:视神经损伤修复保护与再生 •    下一篇

中枢神经系统单侧损伤后对侧作用的机制:聚焦于视觉系统

  

  • 出版日期:2021-11-15 发布日期:2021-04-13

Mechanisms implicated in the contralateral effect in the central nervous system after unilateral injury: focus on the visual system

Fernando Lucas-Ruiz*, Caridad Galindo-Romero, Virginia Albaladejo-García, Manuel Vidal-Sanz, Marta Agudo-Barriuso*#br#   

  1. Departamento de Oftalmología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Murcia and Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria-Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca) Murcia, Spain
  • Online:2021-11-15 Published:2021-04-13
  • Contact: Marta Agudo-Barriuso, PhD, martabar@um.es; Fernando Lucas-Ruiz, PhD, fernando.lucas@um.es.
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional “Una manera de hacer Europa” (PI19/00071 [to MAB], PID2019-106498GB-I00 [to MVS], RD16/0008/0026 [to MVS] and RD16/0008/0016 [to MVS]) and by the Fundación Séneca, Agencia de Ciencia y Tecnología Región de Murcia (19881/GERM/15) (to MVS).

摘要:

Neural Regen Res对侧视网膜反应的机制:神经胶质反应和逆行变

     视网膜作为中枢神经系统的一部分,是研究神经元对损伤和疾病的反应以及试验新疗法的理想模型。在过去的十年中,越来越清楚的是,在中枢神经系统的两侧区域的单侧损伤会在对侧未损伤部位引发炎症反应。这种效应在视觉系统中得到了更好的研究,通常一个视网膜作为实验,另一个作为对照。单侧视网膜损伤模型的对侧视网膜显示神经元变性和胶质细胞活化。视网膜变性模型,要么是遗传性的(光感受器变性或高眼压),要么是诱导性的(轴突损伤、兴奋毒性、缺血或高眼压)。这些模型不仅可以用来解释中枢神经系统神经元对特定创伤的反应,还可以用来理解人类疾病的进展。前期研究表明对侧反应的生物学意义可能是组织保护和损伤限制。因此,身体会为未受伤害的区域做好准备,以便更好地抵抗镜像部位已经发生的伤害。

     来自西班牙穆尔西亚大学的Marta Agudo-Barriuso团队认为,为什么对侧反应是如此具体和精确仍然是未知的。然而,在神经退行性变模型中,对侧视网膜(或半球)不应作为对照。上述机制可能参与未损伤视网膜的促炎症和胶质反应,并参与视网膜神经节细的最终死亡。总之,在使用对侧视网膜时必须格外小心,而不是将它们作为对照,它们可以被认为是实验性的,并对它们进行神经保护疗法的测试,这些疗法只对受伤的视网膜进行测试。

文章在《中国神经再生研究(英文版)》杂志20211111 期发表。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8566-9277 (Marta Agudo-Barriuso); https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8799-6909 (Fernando Lucas-Ruiz)

Abstract: The retina, as part of the central nervous system is an ideal model to study the response of neurons to injury and disease and to test new treatments. During the last decade is becoming clear that unilateral lesions in bilateral areas of the central nervous system trigger an inflammatory response in the contralateral uninjured site. This effect has been better studied in the visual system where, as a rule, one retina is used as experimental and the other as control. Contralateral retinas in unilateral models of retinal injury show neuronal degeneration and glial activation. The mechanisms by which this adverse response in the central nervous system occurs are discussed in this review, focusing primarily on the visual system. 

Key words: bilateral effect, brain, glaucoma, inflammation, mirror effect, optic nerve axotomy, optic nerve crush, retina, spinal cord