中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2022, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (1): 20-24.

• 综述:神经损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

稳态突触缩放持续降低脊柱密度

  

  • 出版日期:2022-01-05 发布日期:2021-09-17

Dendritic spine density changes and homeostatic synaptic scaling: a meta-analysis of animal studies

Thiago C. Moulin1, 2, *, Danielle Rayêe3, 4, Helgi B. Schiöth1, 5   

  1. 1Functional Pharmacology Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; 2Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; 3Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; 4Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, NY, USA; 5Institute for Translational Medicine and Biotechnology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
  • Online:2022-01-05 Published:2021-09-17
  • Contact: Thiago C. Moulin, PhD, thiago.moulin@neuro.uu.se.
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by scholarships from Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) and Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), Brazil (to TCM and DR); supported by the Kungl Vetenskapssamh Scholarship (Royal Society of Arts and Scientists), provided by Uppsala University, Sweden (to TCM); and supported by the Swedish Research Council and the Swedish Brain Research Foundation (to HBS).

摘要:

Neural Regen Res稳态突触缩放可持续降低脊柱密度

稳态可塑性的机制促进对脑网络活动的慢性变化作出反应的细胞兴奋性的代偿性变化。这种可塑性对于维持大脑回路至关重要,并且参与神经再生的调节和神经退行性疾病的发展。研究最多的稳态过程之一是突触缩放,即通过调节突触受体、神经递质和形态,进行全面的突触调整,使神经元放电速率恢复到正常生理范围。然而,尽管关于内稳态缩放的电生理特性文献比较全面,但对于发生在突触和树突中的结构调整却知之甚少。

来自瑞典乌普萨拉大学的Thiago C. Moulin团队对慢性网络兴奋(突触下降)或抑制(突触上升)对神经元树突棘密度影响的文章进行了荟萃分析。他们发现,在诱导突触缩放后,无论干预类型如何,脊柱密度均会持续降低。当然还需要大量相关研究来更好地描述突触缩放后脊柱密度和突触强度之间的关系,特别是对于慢性抑制。

文章在《中国神经再生研究(英文版)》杂志2022年1月 1 期发表。


https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7811-5383 (Thiago C. Moulin)

Abstract: Mechanisms of homeostatic plasticity promote compensatory changes of cellular excitability in response to chronic changes in the network activity. This type of plasticity is essential for the maintenance of brain circuits and is involved in the regulation of neural regeneration and the progress of neurodegenerative disorders. One of the most studied homeostatic processes is synaptic scaling, where global synaptic adjustments take place to restore the neuronal firing rate to a physiological range by the modulation of synaptic receptors, neurotransmitters, and morphology. However, despite the comprehensive literature on the electrophysiological properties of homeostatic scaling, less is known about the structural adjustments that occur in the synapses and dendritic tree. In this study, we performed a meta-analysis of articles investigating the effects of chronic network excitation (synaptic downscaling) or inhibition (synaptic upscaling) on the dendritic spine density of neurons. Our results indicate that spine density is consistently reduced after protocols that induce synaptic scaling, independent of the intervention type. Then, we discuss the implication of our findings to the current knowledge on the morphological changes induced by homeostatic plasticity.

Key words: chronic inhibition, chronic stimulation, dendritic spines, downscaling, excitability, homeostatic plasticity, spine density, synaptic scaling, upscaling