中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2022, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (1): 53-58.

• 综述:神经损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

肠道微生物组对神经发生和神经系统疾病的影响

  

  • 出版日期:2022-01-05 发布日期:2021-09-18

The gut microbiome: implications for neurogenesis and neurological diseases

Cheng Liu1, Shang-Yu Yang1, Long Wang2, Fang Zhou2, *   

  1. 1Department of Healthcare Administration, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, China; 2Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
  • Online:2022-01-05 Published:2021-09-18
  • Contact: Fang Zhou, PhD, zhfang1005@126.com.

摘要:

Neural Regen Res:肠道微生物群对神经发生及神经系统疾病的影响

“脑-肠轴”是近年来研究比较热门的理论之一。肠道微生物群不仅在调控大脑发育、应激反应、抑郁、焦虑、认知功能等中枢神经系统活动中发挥非常重要的作用,还能调节肠道和血脑屏障的通透性,并对维持中枢神经系统的稳态具有重要的生物学意义。脑、肠道与肠道微生物三者间存在着密切的信息交流,可通过神经-免疫-内分泌网络调控构成复杂的反馈性网络,进而整合与协同多项生理功能和病理过程。

既往的许多研究为肠道微生物在中枢神经系统的多种生理过程包括海马神经发生中的作用提供了强有力的证据。来自中国台湾亚洲大学医学暨健康学院杨尚育教授和武汉大学人民医院王龙教授团队总结了支持肠道微生物改变与海马神经发生之间联系的证据;并着重从神经炎症、微生物衍生代谢物、神经营养素和神经递质等方面对肠道微生物群与神经发生的机制进行了探讨;提出了采用益生菌干预能使肠道微生物群正常化,并在神经疾病的临床前研究中显示出益处,益生菌可能成为对抗神经损伤一种有前途治疗策略的作者观点。

文章发表在《中国神经再生研究(英文版)》杂志2022年1期。

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9581-9331 (Fang Zhou)

Abstract: There is an increasing recognition of the strong links between the gut microbiome and the brain, and there is persuasive evidence that the gut microbiome plays a role in a variety of physiological processes in the central nervous system. This review summarizes findings that gut microbial composition alterations are linked to hippocampal neurogenesis, as well as the possible mechanisms of action; the existing literature suggests that microbiota influence neurogenic processes, which can result in neurological disorders. We consider this evidence from the perspectives of neuroinflammation, microbial-derived metabolites, neurotrophins, and neurotransmitters. Based on the existing research, we propose that the administration of probiotics can normalize the gut microbiome. This could therefore also represent a promising treatment strategy to counteract neurological impairment.

Key words: gut microbiota, microbial-derived metabolites, microbiota-gut-brain axis, neurogenesis, neuroinflammation, neurological diseases, neurotrophins, probiotics