中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2022, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (6): 1183-1189.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.327325

• 综述:脊髓损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

脊髓损伤中的微胶质电压门控质子通道Hv1

  

  • 出版日期:2022-06-15 发布日期:2021-12-16
  • 基金资助:

Microglial voltage-gated proton channel Hv1 in spinal cord injury

Jiaying Zheng1, Madhuvika Murugan2, Lingxiao Wang1, Long-Jun Wu1, 3, 4, *   

  1. 1Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; 2Department of Neurosurgery, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, USA; 3Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA; 4Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
  • Online:2022-06-15 Published:2021-12-16
  • Contact: Long-Jun Wu, PhD, wu.longjun@mayo.edu.
  • Supported by:
    The work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (Nos. R01NS110949, R01NS088627, R01NS112144, R01NS110825, R21AG064159) to LJW.

摘要: Neural Regen Res:电压门控质子通道 Hv1 在外周免疫细胞中的作用不容忽视
脊髓损伤后,小胶质细胞作为病变的第一反应者,表现出双面性。激活的小胶质细胞吞噬并消除细胞碎片、释放细胞因子召集外周免疫细胞到损伤部位。过度激活的小胶质细胞可产生过多的活性氧和促炎细胞因子从而加重继发性损伤。
来自美国梅奥诊所神经科的Long-Jun Wu团队总结,尽管最近支持小胶质细胞电压门控质子通道 Hv1 在脊髓损伤中的有害作用的报告激增,但关于 Hv1 激活机制仍未明确。未来需要充分了解 Hv1 通道在小胶质细胞激活中的功能,特别是在脊髓损伤中。最近的研究表明,神经元活动调节小胶质细胞钙信号,尽管机制尚不清楚。已知 Ca2+ 信号传导在调节小胶质细胞激活方面发挥关键作用。Hv1 的激活诱导膜超极化,这可能与由于钙离子驱动力增加而导致的钙内流有关。虽然小胶质细胞 Hv1 受到关注,但其他免疫细胞如中性粒细胞和巨噬细胞的Hv1被忽视。这些外周免疫细胞可能是脊髓损伤的重要介质。因此,需要阐明 Hv1 在其他细胞类型中的作用。
文章在《中国神经再生研究(英文版)》杂志2022年 6月6 期发表。

Abstract: After spinal cord injury, microglia as the first responders to the lesion display both beneficial and detrimental characteristics. Activated microglia phagocyte and eliminate cell debris, release cytokines to recruit peripheral immune cells to the injury site. Excessively activated microglia can aggravate the secondary damage by producing extravagant reactive oxygen species and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Recent studies demonstrated that the voltage-gated proton channel Hv1 is selectively expressed in microglia and regulates microglial activation upon injury. In mouse models of spinal cord injury, Hv1 deficiency ameliorates microglia activation, resulting in alleviated production of reactive oxygen species and pro-inflammatory cytokines. The reduced secondary damage subsequently decreases neuronal loss and correlates with improved locomotor recovery. This review provides a brief historical perspective of advances in investigating voltage-gated proton channel Hv1 and home in on microglial Hv1. We discuss recent studies on the roles of Hv1 activation in pathophysiological activities of microglia, such as production of NOX-dependent reactive oxygen species, microglia polarization, and tissue acidosis, particularly in the context of spinal cord injury. Further, we highlight the rationale for targeting Hv1 for the treatment of spinal cord injury and related disorders. 

Key words: Hv1 proton channel, ion channels, microglia, NADPH oxidase, pH regulation, reactive oxygen species, spinal cord injury