中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2022, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (12): 2661-2663.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.342678

• 观点:神经损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

不仅仅是髓鞘形成:少突胶质细胞的免疫炎症功能

  

  • 出版日期:2022-12-15 发布日期:2022-05-05

Not only myelination: the immune-inflammatory functions of oligodendrocytes

Marta Boccazzi, Stefano Raffaele, Marta Fumagalli*   

  1. Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
  • Online:2022-12-15 Published:2022-05-05
  • Contact: Marta Fumagalli, PhD,marta.fumagalli@unimi.it.

摘要: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0158-842X (Marta Fumagalli) 

Abstract: Oligodendrocytes (OLs) are highly specialized cells of the central nervous system (CNS). Their primary and most investigated role is to form myelin, a multilamellar fatty membrane that enwraps axons ensuring their insulation and the saltatory conduction of nerve impulses. The formation of myelin is a complex process during which the OL precursor cells (OPCs, also known as NG2-glia) become mature OLs through a highly regulated program of differentiation. In addition, OPCs persist in the adult grey and white matter parenchyma, representing approximately 6% of the total number of CNS cells. Beyond their role in myelin generation and turn-over, it is now clear that OPCs have the capability to control tissue homeostasis and to sense and react to inflammation which characterizes many neurological diseases.