Neural Regeneration Research ›› 2013, Vol. 8 ›› Issue (32): 3063-3070.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.32.010

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Learning tasks as a possible treatment for DNA lesions induced by oxidative stress in hippocampal neurons

Dragoş Cîrneci1, Radu Silaghi-Dumitrescu2   

  1. 1 Brain Research Institute, Synergon Consulting, Bucharest 010094, Romania
    2 Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj Napoca, 400165, Romania
  • Received:2013-08-06 Revised:2013-09-26 Online:2013-11-15 Published:2013-11-15
  • Contact: Drago? C?rneci , Ph.D., Brain Research Institute, Synergon Consulting, 4-10 Muntii Tatra, 6th floor, District 1, Bucharest 010094 Romania, dragos.cirneci@ brainperform.ro.
  • Supported by:

    This work was supported by a grant from Synergon Consulting Company and a grant from Romanian Ministry for Education and Research, No. PCCE 140/2008.

Abstract:

Reactive oxygen species have been implicated in conditions ranging from cardiovascular dysfunc-tion, arthritis, cancer, to aging and age-related disorders. The organism developed several path-ways to counteract these effects, with base excision repair being responsible for repairing one of the major base lesions (8-oxoG) in all organisms. Epidemiological evidence suggests that cognitive stimulation makes the brain more resilient to damage or degeneration. Recent studies have linked enriched environment to reduction of oxidative stressin neurons of mice with Alzheimer’s dis-ease-like disease, but given its complexity it is not clear what specific aspect of enriched environ-ment has therapeutic effects. Studies from molecular biology have shown that the protein p300, which is a transcription co-activator required for consolidation of memories during specific learning tasks, is at the same time involved in DNA replication and repair, playing a central role in the long-patch pathway of base excision repair. Based on the evidence, we propose that learning tasks such as novel object recognition could be tested as possible methods of base excision repair facil-itation, hence inducing DNA repair in the hippocampal neurons. If this method proves to be effective, it could be the start for designing similar tasks for humans, as a behavioral therapeutic complement to the classical drug-based therapy in treating neurodegenerative disorders. This review presents the current status of therapeutic methods used in treating neurodegenerative diseases induced by reactive oxygen species and proposes a new approach based on existing data.

Key words: neural regeneration, reviews, neurodegenerative disorder, reactive oxygen species, base excision repair, cognitive stimulation, p300, grants-supported paper, neural regeneration