Abstract: Invasive as well as non-invasive neurotechnologies co n c e p t u a l i ze d to i nte r fa c e t h e c e nt ra l and peripheral nervous system have been probed for the past decades, which refer to electroencephalography, electrocorticography and microelectrode arrays. The challenges of these mentioned approaches are characterized by the bandwidth of the spatiotemporal resolution, which in turn is essential for large-area neuron recordings (Abiri et al., 2019). In a most recent consensus statement, the brain-computer-interface (BCI) society defined BCIs as a system that measures brain activity and converts it in (nearly) realtime into functionally useful outputs to replace, restore, enhance, supplement, and/or improve the natural outputs of the brain, thereby changing the ongoing interactions between the brain and its external or internal environments. It may additionally modify brain activity using targeted delivery of stimuli to create functionally useful inputs to the brain (Soldado-Magraner et al., 2023). Nascent developments have enabled the conceptualization of small-scale microelectrode arrays, which more and more are probed to couple electrophysiological patterns of brain circuits with internal and/or external environmental properties (e.g., prosthetics, computer) seeking to restore an impaired state of motor performance (Hochberg et al., 2012; Collinger et al., 2013; Bouton et al., 2016; Hughes et al., 2021; Patrick-Krueger et al., 2024). At this point, it is noteworthy that despite the BCI array itself, additional equipment and an interdisciplinary approach (including but not limited to neurophysiology, bioengineering, and computational science) are mandatory to ensure proper signal acquisition, signal processing, feature extraction, and pattern recognition which in turn may control external functionally used prosthetics, wheelchairs, monitors, and speech speller (PatrickKrueger et al., 2024).