中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2014, Vol. 9 ›› Issue (6): 565-574.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.130093

• 观点:退行性病与再生 •    下一篇

Mechanisms of secondary degeneration after partial optic nerve transection

  

  • 收稿日期:2014-03-05 出版日期:2014-03-22 发布日期:2014-03-22

Mechanisms of secondary degeneration after partial optic nerve transection

Hong-Ying Li  1, 4, Yi-Wen Ruan 2, 3, Chao-Ran Ren  2, 3, Qi Cui  2, 3, Kwok-Fai So  1, 2, 3, 4   

  1. 1 Department of Ophthalmology, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
    2 GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
    3 Guangdong Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
    4 State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
  • Received:2014-03-05 Online:2014-03-22 Published:2014-03-22
  • Contact: Kwok-Fai So, Ph.D., Chair Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China, hrmaskf@ hku.hk.
  • Supported by:

    The work described in this paper was substantially supported by a grant from the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China (HKU 776109M). In addition, this work was partially supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities Grant 21609101.

Abstract:

Secondary degeneration occurs commonly in the central nervous system after traumatic injuries and following acute and chronic diseases, including glaucoma. A constellation of mechanisms have been shown to be associated with secondary degeneration including apoptosis, necrosis, autophagy, oxidative stress, excitotoxicity, derangements in ionic homeostasis and calcium influx. Glial cells, such as microglia, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, have also been demonstrated to take part in the process of secondary injury. Partial optic nerve transection is a useful model which was established about 13 years ago. The merit of this model compared with other optic nerve injury models used for glaucoma study, including complete optic nerve transection model and optic nerve crush model, is the possibility to separate primary degeneration from secondary degeneration in location. Therefore, it provides a good tool for the study of secondary degeneration. This review will focus on the research progress of the mechanisms of secondary degeneration using partial optic nerve transection model.

Key words: secondary degeneration, partial injury, optic nerve, oxidative stress, excitotoxicity, calcium overload, mitochondrion, macrophage, astrocyte, oligodendrocyte