中国神经再生研究(英文版)

中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2014, Vol. 9 ›› Issue (11): 1100-1103.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.135311

• 观点:视神经损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

干细胞修复视网膜损伤神经元的治疗潜力

  

  • 收稿日期:2014-05-20 出版日期:2014-06-12 发布日期:2014-06-12

The potential of stem cell-based therapy for retinal repair

Honghua Yu 1, 4, Lin Cheng 2, 3, 4, Kin-Sang Cho 4   

  1. 1 Department of Ophthalmology, General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command of PLA, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
    2 Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
    3 Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University; Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
    4 Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, 20 Staniford St., Boston, MA, USA
  • Received:2014-05-20 Online:2014-06-12 Published:2014-06-12
  • Contact: Kin-Sang Cho, Ph.D., Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, 20 Staniford St., MA 02114, USA, Kinsang_Cho@meei.harvard.edu.

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摘要：

遗传突变，创伤或感染可造成视网膜变性并导致不可逆的神经元丧失，甚至失明。除了这些提到的因素，环境因素如紫外线辐射和氧化应激也可引发视网膜变性。青光眼，视神经炎和创伤后视神经损伤是最常见的视网膜疾病，这些疾病会导致视网膜神经节细胞（RGCs）及其轴突变性。而为了实现干细胞治疗此类疾病的目的，移植细胞的存活和整合是至关重要的。来自美国哈佛大学医学院的Kin-Sang Cho博士认为，为了评估干细胞治疗中枢神经系统神经退行性疾病的潜力，视网膜可能是非常合适的研究对象，因为它是一种易获得的方便器官。此外通过非侵入性方法，角膜的透明度使得纵向成像移植细胞和测定视网膜功能成为可能。相比之下，视网膜的复杂结构让分析整合连接到脊髓宿主细胞的移植细胞的功能性变得更简单。

Abstract:

Retinal degeneration has been known to be caused by genetic mutation, trauma or infection that will lead to irreversible neuronal loss and even blindness. Other than these factors, environmental influences such as ultraviolet radiation and oxidative stress could also bring forth retinal degeneration. Glaucoma, optic neuritis and post-traumatic optic injury are the common retinal diseases leading to degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and their axons. To achieve the goal of stem cell-based therapy, the survival and integration of transplanted cells are critical. Dr. Kin-Sang Cho from Harvard Medical School in USA suggests that to evaluate the potential of stem cell therapy for neurodegenerative disease in central nervous system, retina may be a good choice to be considered because it is an easily accessible organ. In addition, the cornea clarity makes possible for longitudinal imaging the transplanted cells and measuring the retinal function by non-invasive approaches. In contrast to the complex retinal structure, analyze the integration and functional connection of transplanted cells to the host cells in the spinal cord could be simpler.