中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2014, Vol. 9 ›› Issue (14): 1347-1350.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.137586

• 观点:神经损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

我们从发展中学到的髓鞘再生策略

  

  • 收稿日期:2014-06-30 出版日期:2014-07-25 发布日期:2014-07-25

Strategies for myelin regeneration: lessons learned from development

Abhay Bhatt, Lir-Wan Fan, Yi Pang   

  1. Department of Pediatrics, Division of Newborn Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
  • Received:2014-06-30 Online:2014-07-25 Published:2014-07-25
  • Contact: Yi Pang, M.D., Ph.D., Department of Pediatrics, Division of Newborn Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA, ypang@umc.edu.

摘要:

在文章中,我们想指出小胶质细胞/巨噬细胞对髓鞘再生的重要性。它们除了可作为专业的清除剂清理组织碎片,包括解体髓鞘和死亡的少突胶质细胞以外,小胶质细胞对少突胶质细胞的发育也起到重要作用。我们已经证明,小胶质细胞条件培养基不仅给原花色素的存活提供了有力支持,同时也大大增强了它们的体外分化能力。虽然活化小胶质细胞的神经毒性是众所周知的,但最近的研究表明,情况并非总是如此。在多发性硬化症中,小胶质细胞被激活区域的髓鞘数量极多,缺乏小胶质细胞/巨噬细胞的多发性硬化症斑块中存在髓鞘再生不良的现象。然而,小胶质细胞在髓鞘再生中的确切作用仍然是难以捉摸的,很可能是它们的有利与不利作用在不同的脱髓鞘疾病中有所区别,而且这还取决于特定疾病的进展时间。为此,我们所认识的髓鞘再生疗法的确是一个令人振奋的研究领域。

Abstract:

Myelin regeneration is indispensably important for patients suffering from several central nervous system (CNS) disorders such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and spinal cord injury (SCI), because it is not only essential for restoring neurophysiology, but also protects denuded axons for secondary degeneration. Understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying remyelination is critical for the development of remyelination-specific therapeutic approaches. As remyelination shares certain common mechanisms with developmental myelination, knowledge from study of developmental myelination contributes greatly to emerging myelin regeneration therapies, best evidenced as the recently developed human anti-Nogo receptor interacting protein-1 (LINGO-1) monoclonal antibodies to treat MS patients in clinical trials.

Key words: oligodendrocyte, myelination, microglia, multiple sclerosis, white matter damage, spinal cord injury