中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2014, Vol. 9 ›› Issue (21): 1870-1873.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.145342

• 综述:退行性病与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

新药物治疗对阿尔茨海默和帕金森病的神经保护效应:效果与影响的思考

  

  • 收稿日期:2014-10-17 出版日期:2014-11-15 发布日期:2014-11-15

New drug treatments show neuroprotective effects in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases

Christian Hölscher   

  1. Neuroscience research group, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK
  • Received:2014-10-17 Online:2014-11-15 Published:2014-11-15
  • Contact: Christian H?lscher, Ph.D., Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK, c.holscher@lancaster.ac.uk.

摘要:

阿尔茨海默症和帕金森病是一种进行性神经退化紊乱疾病,至今还没有能够治愈的方法,研发新的治疗方法需求已经十分明显,目前为止,该行业在寻找新的药物治疗方面已投资数十亿美元。然而,特别是对阿尔茨海默症的尝试中,仍没有任何显著进展,并且一系列的临床试验也未出现任何改进,这打击了一些制药公司从投资到进一步研究的积极性。激活患者免疫系统或用针对淀粉样蛋白的特异性抗体除去β-淀粉样蛋白的免疫应答策略没有得到显著疗效;减少β-和γ-分泌产生淀粉样蛋白也遭遇了一系列挫折。虽然这两种主要治疗策略都没有成功,但另一种治疗方法在相当长的时间里已显示出可喜的成果。这种方法不仅着眼于将淀粉样蛋白水平作为生物标志物,使用生长因子支持细胞修复已经显示出了有希望的疗效。

Abstract:

Type 2 diabetes is a risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. Insulin signaling in the brains of people with Alzheimer’s disease or Parkinson’s disease is impaired. Preclinical studies of growth factors showed impressive neuroprotective effects. In animal models of Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease, insulin, glia-derived neurotrophic factor, or analogues of the incretin glucagon-like peptide-1 prevented neurodegenerative processes and improved neuronal and synaptic functionality in Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. On the basis of these promising findings, several clinical trials are ongoing with the first encouraging clinical results published. This gives hope for developing effective treatments for Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease that are currently unavailable.

Key words: neurodegeneration, neurotrophic factors, neuroprotection, growth factor, memory, amyloid