中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2015, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (8): 1234-1236.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.162754

• 观点:脊髓损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

从脊柱退行性疾病慢性腰痛得到的中枢可塑性

  

  • 收稿日期:2015-05-21 出版日期:2015-08-24 发布日期:2015-08-24

Central plasticity resulting from chronic low back pain in degenerative disorders of the spine.

Michael Luchtmann, Raimund Firsching   

  1. Department of Neurosurgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, Magdeburg, Germany
  • Received:2015-05-21 Online:2015-08-24 Published:2015-08-24
  • Contact: Michael Luchtmann, Dr. med., michael.luchtmann@med.ovgu.de.

摘要:

以前的研究结果显示,椎间盘突出症的发生可能会无症状。我们已经在确定基于脊柱磁共振成像的分类预后变量上做出许多努力。然而遗憾的是,没有任何因素能够明确区分哪类患者应该接受保守治疗,哪类患者更适合接受手术治疗。事实上,我们只在已经脱垂盘的大小和临床症状之间观察到很微弱的相关性。既然大脑是最终解释疼痛的原因,因此神经科学组织在最近几年开始逐渐关注研究疼痛引起的脑变化。确实,在成人大脑在形态学的改变上具有惊人的能力,并遵循在环境中学习和适应过程的必要变化。直到最近,慢性疼痛还被认为是异常的疼痛函数,但相关联的大脑结构不发生改变。然而现在,大量的新证据支持了一种意见,即慢性疼痛不仅标志着一种不同的功能状态,也是中枢可塑性的结果。而急性疼痛主要与出现在躯体感觉系统的结构变化相关联,主要是在丘脑中,慢性疼痛被认为会更复杂的。

Abstract:

Central plasticity resulting from chroniclow back pain in degenerative disorders of the spine Previous findings have shown that intervertebral disc herniation can occur in people who are asymptomatic. However, much effort has been expended to identify prognostic variables based on the classification of the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the spine. Unfortunately, no factor has yet been revealed that reliably distinguishes between patients who should be treated conservatively and those who would instead benefit from surgery. In fact, only a weak correlation has been observed between the size of the prolapsed disc and the presence of clinical symptoms. Since it is the brain that ultimately interprets pain, the neuroscientific community has in recent years increased its focus on studying pain-induced cerebral alterations. And indeed, the adult human brain has an astonishing capacity for the morphological alterations that follow the learning and adaptation processes necessary to a changed environment. Dr. Michael Luchtmann (Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Germany) showed that until recently, chronic pain was thought to be associated with abnormal nociceptive function but an unchanged brain structure. Now, however, a large body of new evidence supports the idea that chronic pain not only signals an altered functional state but is also a consequence of central plasticity.