中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2015, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (12): 1936-1937.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.169622

• 观点:神经损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

环磷酸腺苷信号抑或是雪旺细胞髓鞘化的开关? 

  

  • 收稿日期:2015-09-15 出版日期:2015-12-30 发布日期:2015-12-30

To myelinate or not to myelinate: fine tuning cAMP signaling in Schwann cells to balance cell proliferation and differentiation

Paula V. Monje *   

  1. The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis and Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
  • Received:2015-09-15 Online:2015-12-30 Published:2015-12-30
  • Contact: Paula V. Monje, Ph.D., pmonje@miami.edu.
  • Supported by:

    This work was supported by NIH-NINDS Grants NS009923 and NS084326, The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis and The Buoniconti Fund.

摘要:

环磷酸腺苷是人体最复杂的信号通路系统中的中心角色之一,并在真核细胞中发生作用。环磷酸腺苷能够控制各种细胞类的型特异性,通过信号中介和在细胞膜连接受体刺激活化的转录因子在细胞核效应的复杂网络中刺激依赖性细胞应答。已被公认的是环磷酸腺苷信号调节神经元和雪旺细胞的多个方面,包括它们的生存及谱系说明和分化。文章认为在中枢神经系统和周围神经系统的神经元中,环磷酸腺苷可同时作用于生长锥和核驱动的水平维持轴突生长的转录程序,并促进轴突生长和引导。在成熟的神经元细胞中,上调环磷酸腺苷可通过允许神经元克服存在于中枢神经系统髓鞘和胶质瘢痕信号发挥抑制作用支持轴突再生。

Abstract:

cAMP signaling in neurons and Schwann cells: a common second messenger underlies promotion of axon regeneration and the onset of myelination. The ubiquitous second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) is the central player of one of the most complex signaling systems that operate in eukaryotic cells. cAMP is able to control a variety of cellular responses in a cell type-specific and stimulus-dependent manner through an elaborate network of signaling intermediaries and effectors that connect stimulation of receptors in the cell membrane to activation of transcription factors in the nucleus. It has been well-recognized that cAMP signaling regulates multiple aspects of the life of neurons and Schwann cells (SCs), including their survival, lineage specification and differentiation. In CNS and PNS neurons, cAMP promotes growth and guidance of axons by acting both at the level of the growth cone and the nucleus to drive transcriptional programs that sustain axonal outgrowth. In mature central neurons, cAMP elevation supports axon regeneration by allowing neurons to overcome the inhibitory effect of signals present in CNS myelin and the glial scar.