中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2016, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (11): 1708-1711.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.194706

• 综述:神经损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于Nrf2的神经退行性疾病治疗现状

  

  • 出版日期:2016-11-30 发布日期:2016-11-30
  • 基金资助:
    这项工作部分得到了美国国立卫生研究院 NS062165,NS060885,Michael J Fox帕金森病研究基金会,Parfore Parkinson,国家帕金森基金会(CSRA)给予BT;以及Winifred Masterson Burke基金会以及Thomas Hartman帕金森病基金会给予IGG的资助。

The status of Nrf2-based therapeutics: current perspectives and future prospects

Irina G. Gazaryan1, *, Bobby Tomas2, *   

  1. 1 Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, School of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA; and Department of Chemistry and Physical Sciences, Dyson College, Pace University, Pleasantville, NY, USA 2 Departments of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Neurology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
  • Online:2016-11-30 Published:2016-11-30
  • Contact: Irina G. Gazaryan, Ph.D. or Bobby Tomas, Ph.D., igazaryan@pace.edu or bthomas1@augusta.edu.
  • Supported by:
    This work is supported in part by grants from NIH NS062165, NS060885, Michael J Fox Foundation for Parkinson’s Research, Parfore Parkinson, National Parkinson Foundation (CSRA chapter) to BT and Winifred Masterson Burke Foundation, and Tomas Hartman Foundat ion for Parkinson’s disease to IGG.

摘要: 目前有前途的神经退行性疾病治疗策略包括药理诱导的抗氧化遗传协调方案。Nrf2(核因子2相关因子)是一种抗氧化防御关键转录因子,其除了具有保护氧化应激的作用外,还可以触发药物解毒的负责基因表达、铁代谢、排泄转运、免疫调节、钙体内平衡、生长因子(如脑源性神经营养因子和神经生长因子-γ),细胞内信使(包括神经元鸟嘌呤核苷酸交换因子)和神经递质受体。这种大范围的内源性应答表明它的激活可能抵消大多数神经退行性疾病发病机制的病原学通路。激活Nrf2信号传导途径是用一种减轻氧化应激反应,治疗神经变性疾病的策略。遗憾的是,基于Nrf2的疗法尚存在不良副作用和安全性问题。目前迫切需要安全、有效,可透过血脑屏障的容积式Nrf2活化剂用于治疗慢性神经变性疾病。

Abstract: This mini-review presents the authors’ vision on the current status and future trends in the development of neuroprotective agents working via activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and in particular, via disruption of Nrf2-Keap1 interaction. Tere are two opposite “chemical” mechanisms underlying such activation: the frst one is a non-specifc covalent modifcation of Keap1 thiols, resulting in side e?ects of varied severity, and the second one is the shif of the Nrf2-Kelch-like ECH associated protein-1 (Keap1) binding equilibrium in the presence of a competitive and chemically benign displacement agent. At this point, no displacement activators exhibit sufcient biological activity in comparison with common Nrf2 activators working via Keap1 thiol modifcation. Hence, the hope in therapeutics is now linked to the FDA approved dimethylfumarate, whose derivative, monomethylfumarate, as we demonstrated recently, is much less toxic but equally biologically potent and an ideal candidate for clinical trials right now. A newly emerging player is a nuclear inhibitor of Nrf2, BTB domain and CNC homolog 1 (Bach1). Te commercially developed Bach1 inhibitors are currently under investigation in our laboratory showing promising results. In our viewpoint, the perfect future drug will present the combination of a displacement activator and Bach1 inhibitor to insure safety and efciency of Nrf2 activation.

Key words: Nrf2, Keap1, Bach1, electrophiles, oxidative stress, antioxidants