中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2017, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (1): 31-34.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.198969

• 综述:神经损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

损伤的中枢神经系统修复中的神经胶质基因网络

  

  • 收稿日期:2017-01-13 出版日期:2017-01-15 发布日期:2017-01-15

Glial kon/NG2 gene network for central nervous system repair

Maria Losada-Perez1, 2, Neale Harrison1, Alicia Hidalgo1, *   

  1. 1. School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, England, UK; 
    2. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
  • Received:2017-01-13 Online:2017-01-15 Published:2017-01-15
  • Contact: Alicia Hidalgo, Ph.D., a.hidalgo@bham.ac.uk.

摘要:

 

英国伯明翰大学生物科学学院神经系统发育组Alicia Hidalgo教授研究揭示了Notch,Kon和Pros用于中枢神经系统修复之间的关键功能链接。重要的是,他的研究结果显示NG2和Kon在响应中枢神经系统损伤神经胶质再生的表现:不论在哺乳动物还是果蝇中,损伤后两者的表达都上调,都需要胶质细胞增殖和再生来减少病变大小。在哺乳动物中,Prox1也与Notch1一起在NG2 + OPCs中共同分布,Prox1水平随着少突胶质细胞的分化而增加,并且Prox1是OL分化所需的。他们的研究已经表明,通过激活 - 以及其他胶质标记 - 促进神经胶质分化的启动表达。作者以往研究还表明, Prox1是神经胶质细胞和少突胶质细胞分化所需。因此他们的研究结果强烈建议Prox1可能是NG2的关键作用目标。

 总而言之,果蝇遗传学为研究体内基础生物学,再生和修复,并发现基因网络提供了一个强大的手段。作者发现的以网络为基础的神经胶质增殖调节与胶质分化响应可能与胶质再生反应相关,也影响中枢神经系统的再生与修复。

 

ORCID: 0000-0001-8041-5764(Alicia Hidalgo)

Abstract:

The glial regenerative response to central nervous system (CNS) injury, although limited, can be harnessed to promote regeneration and repair. Injury provokes the proliferation of ensheathing glial cells, which can differentiate to remyelinate axons, and partially restore function. This response is evolutionarily conserved, strongly implying an underlying genetic mechanism. In mammals, it is elicited by NG2 glia, but most often newly generated cells fail to differentiate. Thus an important goal had been to find out how to promote glial differentiation following the proliferative response. A gene network involving Notch and prospero (pros) controls the balance between glial proliferation and differentiation in flies and mice, and promotes CNS repair at least in fruit-flies. A key missing link had been how to relate the function of NG2 to this gene network. Recent findings by Losada-Perez et al., published in JCB, demonstrated that the Drosophila NG2 homologue kon-tiki (kon) is functionally linked to Notch and pros in glia. By engaging in two feedback loops with Notch and Pros, in response to injury, Kon can regulate both glial cell number and glial shape homeostasis, essential for repair. Drosophila offers powerful genetics to unravel the control of stem and progenitor cells for regeneration and repair.

Key words: NG2, kon-tiki, glia, Drosophila, injury, regeneration, repair, CNS