中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2017, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (1): 39-42.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.198971

• 综述:神经损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

犬尿氨酸途径代谢与神经炎性疾病

  

  • 收稿日期:2017-01-16 出版日期:2017-01-15 发布日期:2017-01-15

Kynurenine pathway metabolism and neuroinflammatory disease

Nady Braidy1, *, Ross Grant2   

  1. 1. Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Faculty of Medicine, Sydney, Aust; 
    2. School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Faculty of Medicine, Sydney, Australia; Australasian Research Institute, Sydney Adventist Hospital, Sydney, Australia
  • Received:2017-01-16 Online:2017-01-15 Published:2017-01-15
  • Contact: Nady Braidy, Ph.D., n.braidy@unsw.edu.au.

摘要:

 

通过犬尿氨酸途径(KN)的免疫介导色氨酸(TRYP)分解代谢激活在所有炎性疾病中是一致的发现。我们和其他研究组完成的几个研究检测了神经色氨酸代谢产物的潜在神经毒性,包括神经炎症性神经障碍中的喹啉酸,阿尔茨海默病,多发性硬化症, 肌萎缩性侧索硬化症和艾滋病相关的痴呆综合症。我们目前的研究目标是确定在免疫反应期间增强通过KP增强TRYP的分解代谢是否会对疾病个体产生有益影响。在生理条件下,喹啉酸被代谢成必要的吡啶核苷酸,烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸,这是一种重要的新陈代谢辅因子和电子运输。自由基引起DNA损伤,聚合酶的活化和烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸的损耗在神经炎症疾病中可能会加快大脑功能障碍和细胞死亡。细胞免疫反应可能潜在增加烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸在炎症部位细胞内的分解代谢。该核苷酸可再生的重要机制似乎对于特定环境中细胞的持续存活性是必要的。因此,靶向抑制犬尿氨酸独自代谢途径的独立治疗策略或许还不足以解决疾病症状。然而,抑制喹啉酸生产可能需要被耦合到一个合适的烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸前体中。这种组合策略可以有效减少喹啉酸的生产,同时保持最佳的烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸水平。

Abstract:

Immune-mediated activation of tryptophan (TRYP) catabolism via the kynurenine pathway (KP) is a consistent finding in all inflammatory disorders. Several studies by our group and others have examined the neurotoxic potential of neuroreactive TRYP metabolites, including quinolinic acid (QUIN) in neuroinflammatory neurological disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), multiple sclerosis, amylotropic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and AIDS related dementia complex (ADC). Our current work aims to determine whether there is any benefit to the affected individuals in enhancing the catabolism of TRYP via the KP during an immune response. Under physiological conditions, QUIN is metabolized to the essential pyridine nucleotide, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), which represents an important metabolic cofactor and electron transporter. NAD+ also serves as a substrate for the DNA ‘nick sensor’ and putative nuclear repair enzyme, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Free radical initiated DNA damage, PARP activation and NAD+ depletion may contribute to brain dysfunction and cell death in neuroinflammatory disease.

Key words: kynurenine pathway , tryptophan , NAD+ , PARP , inflammation