中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2017, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (10): 1590-1594.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.217322

• 综述:脑损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

电脑刺激诱导树突剥离,但改善视神经损伤后沉默神经元的存活

  

  • 收稿日期:2017-09-12 出版日期:2017-10-15 发布日期:2017-10-15

Non-invasive electrical brain stimulation: from acute to late-stage treatment of central nervous system damage

Petra Henrich-Noack1, Elena G. Sergeeva2, Bernhard A. Sabel1   

  1. 1 Institute of Medical Psychology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Germany
    2 Department of Emergency Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
  • Received:2017-09-12 Online:2017-10-15 Published:2017-10-15
  • Contact: Petra Henrich-Noack,petra.henrich-noack@med.ovgu.de.

摘要:

orcid:0000-0002-4472-5543(Bernhard A. Sabel)

Abstract:

Non-invasive brain current stimulation (NIBS) is a promising and versatile tool for inducing neuroplasticity, protection and functional rehabilitation of damaged neuronal systems. It is technically simple, requires no surgery, and has significant beneficial effects. However, there are various technical approaches for NIBS which influence neuronal networks in significantly different ways. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), alternating current stimulation (ACS) and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) all have been applied to modulate brain activity in animal experiments under normal and pathological conditions. Also clinical trials have shown that tDCS, rTMS and ACS induce significant behavioural effects and can – depending on the parameters chosen - enhance or decrease brain excitability and influence performance and learning as well as rehabilitation and protective mechanisms. The diverse phaenomena and partially opposing effects of NIBS are not yet fully understood and mechanisms of action need to be explored further in order to select appropriate parameters for a given task, such as current type and strength, timing, distribution of current densities and electrode position. In this review, we will discuss the various parameters which need to be considered when designing an NIBS protocol and will put them into context with the envisaged applications in experimental neurobiology and medicine such as vision restoration, motor rehabilitation and cognitive enhancement.

Key words: non-invasive brain stimulation , transcranial direct current stimulation , transcranial magnetic stimulation , transorbital alternating current stimulation , stroke , trauma , neuroprotection , restoration of function