中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2017, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (11): 1768-1775.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.219027

• 综述:神经损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

DNA甲基转移酶1调节神经元的存活

  

  • 收稿日期:2017-09-05 出版日期:2017-11-15 发布日期:2017-11-15

Regulation of neuronal survival by DNA methyltransferases

Judit Symmank, Geraldine Zimmer   

  1. Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
  • Received:2017-09-05 Online:2017-11-15 Published:2017-11-15
  • Contact: Geraldine Zimmer,geraldine.zimmer@med.uni-jena.de.

摘要:

orcid:0000-0002-8894-8079(Geraldine Zimmer)
0000-0001-9347-0172(Judit Symmank)

Abstract:

The limited regenerative capacity of neuronal cells requires tight orchestration of cell death and survival regulation in the context of longevity, age-associated diseases as well as during the development of the nervous system. Subordinate to genetic networks epigenetic mechanisms like DNA methylation and histone modifications are involved in the regulation of neuronal development, function and aging. DNA methylation by DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), mostly correlated with gene silencing, is a dynamic and reversible process. In addition to their canonical actions performing cytosine methylation, DNMTs influence gene expression by interactions with histone modifying enzymes or complexes increasing the complexity of epigenetic transcriptional networks. DNMTs are expressed in neuronal progenitors, post-mitotic as well as adult neurons. In this review, we discuss the role and mode of actions of DNMTs including downstream networks in the regulation of neuronal survival in the developing and aging nervous system and its relevance for associated disorders.

Key words: DNA methyltransferase 1, cortical interneurons, PAK6, neuronal aging, neuropsychiatric diseases, neurodevelopment, neuronal death