中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2017, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (12): 1964-1970.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.221144

• 综述:脊髓损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

环境线索确定脊髓损伤后星形胶质细胞的命运

  

  • 收稿日期:2017-11-22 出版日期:2017-12-15 发布日期:2017-12-15

Environmental cues determine the fate of astrocytes after spinal cord injury

Fatima M. Nathan, Shuxin Li   

  1. Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University,Philadelphia, PA, USA
  • Received:2017-11-22 Online:2017-12-15 Published:2017-12-15
  • Contact: Shuxin Li, M.D. Ph.D.,Shuxin.li@temple.edu.
  • Supported by:

    This work was supported by research grants to SL from NIH (1R01NS079432 and 1R01EY024575) and Shriners Research Foundation (SHC-86300-PHI, SHC-86200-PHI-16 and SHC-85100).

摘要:

orcid:0000-0001-5685-9701(Shuxin Li)

Abstract:

Reactive astrogliosis occurs after central nervous system (CNS) injuries whereby resident astrocytes form rapid responses along a graded continuum. Following CNS lesions, naive astrocytes are converted into reactive astrocytes and eventually into scar-forming astrocytes that block axon regeneration and neural repair. It has been known for decades that scarring development and its related extracellular matrix molecules interfere with regeneration of injured axons after CNS injury, but the cellular and molecular mechanisms for controlling astrocytic scar formation and maintenance are not well known. Recent use of various genetic tools has made tremendous progress in better understanding genesis of reactive astrogliosis. Especially, the latest experiments demonstrate environment-dependent plasticity of reactive astrogliosis because reactive astrocytes isolated from injured spinal cord form scarring astrocytes when transplanted into injured spinal cord, but revert in retrograde to naive astrocytes when transplanted into naive spinal cord. The interactions between upregulated type I collagen and its receptor integrin β1 and the N-cadherin-mediated cell adhesion appear to play major roles for local astrogliosis around the lesion. This review centers on the environment-dependent plasticity of reactive astrogliosis after spinal cord injury and its potential as a therapeutic target.