中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2019, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (3): 446-449.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.243712

• 综述:视神经损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

青光眼结构、代谢和功能性脑变化的体内成像

  

  • 出版日期:2019-03-15 发布日期:2019-03-15

In vivo imaging of structural, metabolic and functional brain changes in glaucoma

Anisha Kasi 1 , Muneeb A. Faiq 1 , Kevin C. Chan 1, 2, 3   

  1. 1 NYU Langone Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology, NYU School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York University, New York, NY, USA
    2 Department of Radiology, NYU School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York University, New York, NY, USA
    3 Center for Neural Science, Faculty of Arts and Science, New York University, New York, NY, USA
  • Online:2019-03-15 Published:2019-03-15
  • Contact: Kevin C. Chan, PhD, chuenwing.chan@fulbrightmail.org.
  • Supported by:

    This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health R01-EY028125 (Bethesda, MD, USA) (to KCC); BrightFocus Foundation G2013077 and G2016030 (Clarksburg, MD, USA) (to KCC); and Research to Prevent Blindness/Stavros Niarchos Foundation International Research Collaborators Award (New York, NY, USA) (to KCC).

摘要:

orcid:0000-0003-4012-7084(Kevin C. Chan)

Abstract:

Glaucoma, the world’s leading cause of irreversible blindness, is a condition for which elevated intraocular pressure is currently the only modifiable risk factor. However, the disorder can continue to progress even at reduced intraocular pressure. This indicates additional key factors that contribute to the etiopathogenesis. There has been a growing amount of literature suggesting glaucoma as a neurodegenerative disease of the visual system. However, it remains debatable whether the observed pathophysiological conditions are causes or consequences. This review summarizes recent in vivo imaging studies that helped advance the understanding of early glaucoma involvements and disease progression in the brains of humans and experimental animal models. In particular, we focused on the non-invasive detection of early structural and functional brain changes before substantial clinical visual field loss in glaucoma patients; the eye-brain interactions across disease severity; the metabolic changes occurring in the brain’s visual system in glaucoma; and, the widespread brain involvements beyond the visual pathway as well as the potential behavioral relevance. If the mechanisms of glaucomatous brain changes are reliably identified, novel neurotherapeutics that target parameters beyond intraocular pressure lowering can be the promise of the near future, which would lead to reduced prevalence of this irreversible but preventable disease.

Key words: glaucoma, intraocular pressure, eye-brain-behavior relationship, irreversible blindness, magnetic resonance imaging, metabolic brain changes, sensitivity, disease progression